1. Cell Cycle and Cell Division Mitosis

2. Active versus Passive Transport
Glucose
Cannot move easily because it is large. But can pass through with Passive Transport with the facilitated diffusion
Water
Can move easily because it is small. Uses Osmosis, which is Passive Transport
Oxygen
Can move easily because it is small and moves through diffusion (Passive Transport)
Sodium
Use Active Transport, requiring Energy to move against the concentration gradient as well as with it

3. Why must cells divide in order to grow? Why is this so important?
to reach maximum efficiency for molecular transport, and maintain the functions of the cell.
limits to how large a cell can become, so when those limits are reached the cells divide.
replace old cells that are worn down or damaged
differentiation in multicellular organisms to become different in appearance and function
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life

4. Mitosis
Is the precise distribution of DNA to daughter cells
IPMAT

5. Differentiation Differentiation:
new cells specialize and become different in appearance and function from their parent cells.
become specialized according to a genetically determined plan
Occurs as a result of a combination of signals that cause different cells to activate different portions of their genetic information
Differences in how cells look & behave reflect differences in how they use the genetic information they have

6. Mitosis: Interphase Interphase: Long and active cycle
DNA and chromosomes are duplicated in the nucleus
Mitochondria are made in the cytoplasm
Cell grows

7. Mitosis: Prophase Prophase: Chromosomes coil & shorten.
Each Chromosome appears as a double structure joined at the centromere
Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell (except in plants, there are no centrioles, but these events still occur as described here)

8. Mitosis: Metaphase Metaphase: Doubled chromosomes line up
Cytoplasmic fibers are now attached to each doubled chromosome at the centromere

9. Mitosis: Anaphase Anaphase: Doubled chromosomes separate
New chromosomes are pushed and pulled to the opposite ends of the cell by the cytoplasmic fibers

10. Mitosis: Telophase Telophase:
Chromosomes approach the ends and group together
New nuclear membrane
Cytoplasm divides
New cell membrane forms (cell wall laid between new cells in plants)
The new cells enter interphase

11. How is the DNA of a parent cell and daughter cell related in mitosis?
There is absolutely no difference in DNA between the parent cell and daughter cell in mitosis. During mitosis, the DNA is copied exactly and transferred, so the DNA is exactly the same in both cells.

12. Reflect and Connect pg 303 #1-3
1. Draw a series of sketches to illustrate important stages of the cell cycle and mitosis. Your drawing should include:
Include a starting cell with genetic material represented by two pairs of chromosomes
Include a nucleus with the appropriate chromosomes in each of the cells
Indicate with a flowchart or sketches the genetic material is duplicated (DNA synthesis)
Show the cells formed as a result
Cell wall
Chromosome pairs
Nucleus

13. Reflect and Connect pg 303 #1-3
DNA Replication
Parent Cell
daughter Cell