1. EDO UNIVERSITY IYAMHO FACULTY OF SCIENCE SEMINAR SERIES
CURRENT TREND OF LASSA FEVER: A CASE STUDY
EZEANYA .C. CHINYERE
B.Sc (BIU), M.Sc (AWKA), Ph.D (IN VIEW)
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
MARCH, 2018

2. INTRODUCTION Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever
The virus, member of virus family Arenaviridae
The Mastomys natalensis called Multimammate rat is the host of the virus
Source: WHO, 2017

3. BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
Borno State in 1969
Seasonal
December-June
Annual
Infected cases
100, ,000
Death cases
5000
Source: NCDC, 2018

4. STAGES OF THE DISEASE Acute Chronic Latent Fever Weakness Headache
Facial Swelling
Low blood pressure
Fluid in the lungs
Bleeding
Tremor
Seizure
Shock
Coma
Disorientation
Source: WHO, 2018

5. CURRENT TREND January – March 2018 December 2016 -2017 1081 Cases
90 Deaths
623 Cases
70 Deaths
December
501 Cases
104 Deaths

6. DISTRIBUTION WITHIN NIGERIA
Towns in Edo State Date(s) of Outbreak
Ekpoma ,1990,
Igarra
Benin city ;
Auchi
Source: Olayiwola and Bakarey, 2017; WHO, 2018

7. MIGRATION OF THE DISEASE
Nigeria
1969
Sierra Leone
1971
Liberia
February 2009
Ghana
October 2011
Benin
November 2014

8. MODE OF TRANSMISSION
LASSA FEVER
Rodents
Humans

9. LIFESTYLE OF IYAMHO RESIDENTS

10. CASE STUDY 1
A 19 year old male trader resident in Benin city
Reported to UBTH with fever, chills and joint pain of 3 days duration. Before the onset, he travelled to Adamawa for business and had a meal that included rat meat.
The patient was admitted the same day but diagnosed to have malaria and was treated for such. Following day, he developed muscle cramp, bleeding from the nose, ears, mouth and anus.
A diagnosis of viral haemorrhagic fever was suspected and the patient was placed on one litre of IV normal saline infusion and Haemacel 500mls.
Referral was made to LRI, Irrua but the patient died the same day.

11. He was immediately placed on a 12- week treatment with Ribavirin
CASE STUDY 2
A 33 year old Medical Doctor of in a government hospital resident in Benin city
Reported with cough producing yellowish sputum, chest pain and fever with history of last posting at intensive care unit
He was immediately referred to LRI, Irrua with blood sample positive for lassa fever virus by RT-PCR test.
He was immediately placed on a 12- week treatment with Ribavirin
On follow-up visit, blood samples were negative for lassa fever virus by RT-PCR test.

12. Infection control practices
PREVENTION
Personal hygiene
Clean environment
Infection control practices
Highway Drying

13. FUTURE TREND 1969 1% 2012-2018 53.9% Future Epidemic
Source: NCDC, 2017

14. CONCLUSION
VACCINE
RODENT CONTROL

15. RECOMMENDATION Investment in available detection kit by government
The institution; EUI to engage in infection surveillance within Edo North region
Investment in researches to develop vaccines and new treatment options
Investment in available detection kit by government

16. REFERENCES
5 References cited

17. Thank
You
For
Listening