1. What’s a Motion Transmission System?
Def: A system that passes on the same type of motion from one part of the system to the other part.
Translational motion at the beginning to translational motion at the end
Rotational motion at the beginning to rotational motion at the end

2. Motion Transmission Systems

3. Some vocabulary to know
Most basic
Driver component which begins the motion
Driven component which receives the motion
Reversibility is the ability for a system to operate by swapping the roles of the driver and driven.

4. Motion Transmission 1: Gear Trains
Contains at least two gears that mesh together.
The size of the teeth must be constant.
The gears can be spurred (parallel) or bevelled (perpendicular) to one another.
The bigger the gear, the slower its rotation. The smaller the gear, the faster its rotation.
When the driver turns clockwise, the driven turns __________________.

5. The gear ratio (or speed ratio) is a number that tells you the relative speed of each gear.
If the gear ratio > 1, the driver will ______________.
If the gear ratio < 1, the driver will ______________.

6. Questions 1 2 3

7. Motion Transmission System 2: Chain and Sprocket
This system involves gears that are not touching one another. They are connected by an intermediate, known as a chain.
The speed ratio works the same way as it does for the gear train system.

8. Motion Transmission System 2: Chain and Sprocket
Is the system reversible?
If gear A turns clockwise…

9. Motion Transmission System 2: Chain and Sprocket
Specific details about chain and sprocket systems:
The teeth on the sprockets (gears) must be identical and must mesh with the chain.
The system requires constant ______________.

10. Motion Transmission System 3: Worm and Gear
Consists of one endless screw and at least one gear.
For each full rotation of the worm, the gear turns: ________________

11. Motion Transmission System 3: Worm and Gear
Is this system reversible? Explain.

12. Motion Transmission System 4: Friction Gears
Like Gear Trains, but with no teeth. Also, they are less efficient because they can slip.

13. Friction Gear System

14. Belt and Pulley System Like a Chain and Sprocket, but without teeth.
It does not need to be lubricated, but it can slip.

16. Gear Train Chain and Sprocket Series of interlocking gears
Sprockets (gears) surrounded by a chain

17. Worm and Worm Gear Friction Gear System
Worm (screw) which turns a worm gear
Friction Gear System
Like a gear train, but without teeth

18. Belt and Pulley System Like a Chain and Sprocket, but without teeth.
It does not need to be lubricated, but it can slip.

19. Speed Changes in Motion Transmission Systems

20. Speed Changes in the Remaining Systems
The speed varies with the number of teeth/diameter of the gears
If motion is transmitted from a large gear to a small gear, speed increases
If motion is transmitted from a small gear to a large gear, speed decreases
If motion is transmitted to gears of equal size, no speed change occurs

21. Motion Transformation Systems

22. Motion Transformation Systems
Definition: Relaying a motion from one part of the system to another, while changing its form
Translational motion to Rotational motion
Rotational motion to Translational motion

23. Rack and Pinion
Contains a rack (straight bar with teeth) and a pinion (gear). This system is reversible
While building a rack and pinion you must ensure that:
The teeth on both the rack and pinion must be identical
The system requires frequent lubrification
More teeth on pinion = slower rotation
Uses: Car stirring mechanism

24. Motion Transformation 1 – Rack and Pinion
This involves a gear (pinion) and a straight toothed piece of material (rack), that is sort of like an unrolled gear. When the pinion turns (rotational), it moves the rack back and forth (translational)

25. Where do we have Rack and Pinions?

26. Cam and Follower Rotational motion changed to translation motion
Aspects of the cam and follower:
The system is NOT reversible (you can’t push down on the cam to turn the follower).
The follower must be guided in its translational motion.
The shape of the cam affects the movement of the follower.
A spring is needed to keep the follower in contact with the cam

27. Cam and Follower Uses
Toys

28. Cam and Follower Uses
Water Powered Mill

29. Motion Transformation 2 – Cam and Follower

30. Slider-Crank
Rotational motion from the crank is changed into translational motion at the slider
This system is reversible
This is the mechanisms used in pistons

31. Slider-Crank Uses
Trains-wheels

33. Screw Gear Systems (2 Types)
Contains a nut and a screw. This system is not reversible
Initial Motion: Rotational Final Motion: Translational
Type 1: The Screw is the driver (nut is the driven)
Type 2: The Nut is the driver (screw is the driven)

34. Screw Gear Systems: Type 1 Use: Car Jack
The Screw is turned, which allows for translational motion of the jack to rise

35. Screw Gear Systems: Type 2 Use: Monkey Wrench
It’s the nut that does the initial rotational movement

36. Gear Train Chain and Sprocket Series of interlocking gears
Sprockets (gears) surrounded by a chain

37. Worm and Worm Gear Friction Gear System
Worm (screw) which turns a worm gear
Friction Gear System
Like a gear train, but without teeth

38. Belt and Pulley System Like a Chain and Sprocket, but without teeth.
It does not need to be lubricated, but it can slip.

39. Rack and Pinion Screw Gear (Two types) Nut and a screw
Rack (bar) and Pinion (gear)
Screw Gear (Two types)
Nut and a screw

40. Slider-Crank Mechanism
Cam and Follower
Cam (circular component) and follower (red stick)
Slider-Crank Mechanism
Crank (rotational component)
Slider (moving rod)