1. From Birth till 10th Yr. of Hijrah By A.S. Hashim. MD
Imam Ali (a.s.), Part I
From Birth till 10th Yr. of Hijrah
By A.S. Hashim. MD

2. Early life Ali is born inside the Ka'ba
Ali is raised by Muhammad (pbuh)
Ali the First Male to embrace Islam
Youthful life in Mecca
Prophet chooses Ali to be in his bed as he leaves Mecca to go to Medina

3. Lineage Ali Grandfather Abdul Mut’talib Father Abu Talib Grandmother
Asad
Mother
Fatima

4. The Prophet about Ali

5. Highlights of early life
The family plays and interacts
Muhammad (pbuh) and Ali visit the poor and disadvantaged
Muhammad (pbuh) and Ali comfort the sick
Muhammad (pbuh) teaches Ali about conditions of the society

6. Asked to embrace Islam
Ten year old Ali sees Muhammad (pbuh) and Khadija praying
Ali is asked to accept Islam, and has an agitating night deciding 
Ali embraces Islam the next morning, becoming the first male to embrace Islam
Ali grew to manhood to be unique as none

7. Ali as designated by Muhammad as:
At age 13 yrs
To Declare Islam Publicly, Muhammad gives a Party to his Relatives
Asking who would support him in his task?
None volunteered except the 13 Yr old Ali
Muhammad designates Ali
Ali as designated by Muhammad as:
the brother,
the deputy, and
the one to succeed him

8. At age 13 yrs فأيكم يؤازرني على هذا الأمر على أن يكون: أخي ووصيِّ
Muhammad asked in the Party:
“Who would then uphold me so that he becomes:
My Brother, My Deputy, and the One to Succeed me?”
فأيكم يؤازرني على هذا الأمر
على أن يكون:
أخي
ووصيِّ
وخليفتي فيكم؟

9. Ali witnesses the abuse to Muslims
The degrading treatment dealt to Muslims by Quraish
His brother, Ja’far, to leave to Abyssinia
The 3 Yr boycott, leading to death of Khadija and Abu Talib
The Aqaba agreement to leave Mecca

10. In the Prophet’s bed: age 23 yrs
To leave Mecca, Muhammad asks Ali to be in his bed to fool the would-be assassins
Ali glad to risk his life for Islam
Ali returns Muhammad’s Trust to its owners
Ali leaves Mecca to Medina on foot along with Fatima and others
The ordeal took 2 weeks of walking

11. Ali welcomed by the Prophet
The Prophet, waiting, welcomes Ali
The Prophet very happy for Ali
Insists on washing Ali’s swollen feet
Feet of Ali were swollen from walking about 300 miles
The family is safe in Medina

12. Muhammad takes Ali as brother
During effecting Brotherhood between Ansaar and Muhajiroon in Medina
Muhammad takes Ali as his brother
The only two Muhajiroon were Muhammad and Ali as brothers
Muhammad fulfills the 1st point about Ali :
إنّ هذا أخي  ووصيّ  وخليفتي فيكم ،  فاسمعوا له وأطيعوا

13. First few years in Medina I
Fatima marries the 24 Yr old Ali
Ali's role in Badr Confrontation:
Outstanding
The focus and the hero
The Prophet nick-names him: Lion of Allah أسد الله
Al-Hasan is born after Badr Confrontation

14. At Badr: غزوة بدر
The Battle of Badr, was fought March 17, 624 AD (17 Ramadan 2 AH in the Islamic calendar),
Badr was a key battle in the early days of Islam and
a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with his opponents among the Quraish in Mecca.
The battle was a decisive victory
attributable to Divine intervention, or
by secular sources to the genius of Muhammad.
It is one of the few battles specifically mentioned in the Quran.

15. Location of Badr

16. The Site of Badr بَدْر
Muslim Camp
Angel’s site
Enemy’s Passage

17. At Badr: غزوة بدر
Prior to the battle, the Muslims and Meccans had fought:
several smaller skirmishes in late 623 and early 624,
the Muslim skirmishes had become more frequent.
Badr, however was the first large-scale engagement between the two forces.
Advancing to a strong defensive position,
Muhammad's well-disciplined force broke the Meccan lines,
killing several important Quraish leaders
Including Muhammad's chief antagonist, Amr ibn Hisham (Abu Jahl).

18. Artist rendering of Badr

19. At Badr: غزوة بدر For the early Muslims:
the battle was the first sign that they might eventually defeat their enemies in Mecca.
Mecca at that time was one of the richest and most powerful cities in Arabia
The Meccans fielded an army three times larger than that of the Muslims.
The Muslim victory also signaled to other tribes that
a new power had arisen in Arabia
and strengthened Muhammad’s position as leader of the often fractious community in Medina.

20. Ali in Ohod لا فتى إلا علي ولا سيف إلا ذوالفقار
Ali's in Ohod Confrontation:
Kills nine of the enemy’s Flag Bearers
Defends the person of the Prophet
Repels four attacks to kill the Prophet
The Prophet said:
Yet for a Caliber as that of Ali, and
Yet for a sword as that of Ali’s
لا فتى إلا علي 
ولا سيف إلا ذوالفقار

21. The designated archers at Ohod

22. Disbelievers attack from behind Ohod

23. Site of the battle of Ohod

24. Ohod Battle: Artist Rendering

25. Ali after Ohod Life after Ohod: Very unsettling
Frequent attempts against the Muslims
Ali frequent participation in defense
On the average one attempt every 3 weeks
Al-Husain is Born, gives pleasure to the Prophet and the whole family

26. Ali's role in the Ditch encounter
Ali helps digging the Ditch
Amr ibn Abd Wid crosses the Ditch
Amr, bragging, challenges the Muslims
Ali takes the challenge
Ali ducks all Amr’s attempts
Exhausted, Amr falls to the ground
Ali on top of Amr, Ali offers Amr Islam
Amr spits in the face of Ali, Ali finishes him off
Quraish psychology is shattered

27. Schematics of the trench

28. Ali in Khaybar Ali, 29 Yr old, was with swollen infected eyes
Given the leadership
Overwhelm Marhab, the Jewish Hero
Severe fight, with Ali lifting a door for a shield
The main Fort surrenders in defeat
7 more Jewish forts surrender in defeat

29. The site of Khaybar

30. Castle of Khaybar which Ali conquered

31. Site of the door of Khaybar, which Ali lifted as a shield

32. The ruins of Khaybar nowadays

33. Ali in Khaybar II لأُعطِينَّ هذه الرايةَ غداً رجُلاً
At Khaybar, the Prophet said:
Tomorrow I'll Give The Leadership
To A Man Who Will Succeed By Allah's Will
He Loves Allah And His Messenger
And Likewise Allah And His Messenger Love Him
لأُعطِينَّ هذه الرايةَ غداً رجُلاً
يفتًح الله على يَدَيْه،    
يُحبُّ اللهَ ورسُولَه ويُحِبُّه اللهُ ورسولُه

34. AHLUL BAYT: Surah 33: Ayah 33.
"Verily, Allah has decreed to purify you,
O' Ahlul Bayt, and sanctify you in a perfect way.
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا

35. Some Hadiths on behalf of Ali
Ali is of me and I am of Ali, and none delivers of me
except I and Ali    
The love of Ali is faith, and detesting him is hypocrisy   
عليٌ مِنّي وأنا مِنْ علي،   ولا يؤدي عنِّي
إلاّ أنا وعلي
 حُبُّ عليٍّ إيمانٌ،  
وبُغْضُهُ نِفاقٌ

36. Hadiths on behalf of Ali
Ali is in charge of every Mu'min, after me
The one who profanes Ali, will have profaned me
O' Ali, as the station of Aaron was to Moses, So are you to me, Except that no Prophet will be after me."
عليٌ وليُ كلَّ مؤمنٍ من بعدي
مَن سبَّ علياً فقد سبَّـني
أنتَ مني بمَنْزلَةِ هارونَ مِنْ موسى إلاّ أنَّه لا نبيَّ مِنْ بعدي

37. Hadiths on behalf of Ali
 أنتَ يا علي تُبيِّنُ لامَّـتي ما اختلفوا فيه من بعدي
Oh Ali, you will clarify to my Ummah
What they had differed in, after me
أنا مدينة العِلْم  وعليٌّ بابها،  فمنْ أراد المدينه  فاليدخل مِنَ الباب
I am the locality of enlightenment
And Ali is its gateway
He who wants to reach this locality
Should come through this gateway

38. Mubaahala Christian Delegation Comes to Medina
In Dialogue with Muhammad
Discuss Religion and authenticity of Muhammad’s Call
Quranic Revelation to challenge the Christians
Challenge to incur the Wrath of God on the liars

39. Revelation says: Surah 3: Ayah 61.
"THEN SAY: LET US CALL UPON OUR CHILDREN AND
YOUR CHILDREN, OUR LADIES AND YOUR LADIES,
OURSELVES AND YOURSELVES,
THEN WE PRAY SO THAT
ALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE UPON THOSE WHO TELL UNTRUTH"
 فَمَنْ حَآجَّكَ فِيهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ
فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْاْ نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءنَا وَأَبْنَاءكُمْ وَنِسَاءنَا وَنِسَاءكُمْ وَأَنفُسَنَا وأَنفُسَكُمْ
ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل لَّعْنَةُ اللّهِ عَلَى الْكَاذِبِين

40. Mubaahala II
For the Challenge, Prophet Muhammad chooses Ali to represent himself
Thus the Prophet sees Ali as if to represent the very Self of Muhammad
None of the multitude and great Sahaaba was chosen other than Ali
This was one of the highest honors to Ali

41. Farewell Haj Multitude participated at the Farewell
Each Yr afterwards 50,000 or more perform the Haj
Nowadays, 2-3 Million perform the Haj
They hail from all over the world

42. Ghadeer Khum Having finished the Farewell Haj
Ali’s station being specified by the Prophet
At Ghadeer Khum: A major highway intersection between Mecca and Medina
People are gathered, being called back
The Prophet addresses the massive crowd

43. Location of Ghadeer Khum

44. Ghadeer Khum
Mid-way between Mecca and Medina: They stop at Ghadeer Khum. The Prophet had received a Revelation.
Having received Ayah 67 of Surah5 saying:
يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللّهَ لاَ يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ
O' Messenger! Declare what has been sent to you, And if you don't, Then you have not declared Allah's message [in full], And Allah will safeguard you from [injury by] people"

45. Ghadeer Khum
Following the Haj, the Prophet and multitude of others were on their way home, including Abu Bakr and Omar.
Juhfa was an intersection between Mecca and Medina
Near Juhfa, at an oasis called Ghadeer Khum, the Prophet delivered a speech
The Prophet stood on an elevation to be seen by the massive crowd
He took Ali with him and raised his and Ali’s arms up
He gave a long speech, the highlight was:
Ali is Appointed as the Wali (in charge of the Ummah) after the Prophet

46. The Prophet’s Speech at Ghadeer Khum
من كنت مولاه فهذا عليٌ مولاه اللهم وال من والاه وعاد من عاده وانصر من نصره واخذل من خذله وأدر الحق معه حيثما دار
O' people, whosoever I am his leader, So is Ali to be his leader
O' lord, uphold him who upholds Ali, And antagonize him who antagonizes Ali, And support him who supports Ali, And impede him who impedes Ali, And let the truth be with Ali wherever he goes

47. After the Speech in Ghadeer Khum
 Omar came forward congratulating Ali:
 بخٍّ بخٍّ لكَ يا علي،  أصبَحتَ مولايَ ومولى كُلّ مؤمنٍ ومؤمنه
Congratulations, congratulations, O' Ali! You have become my leader And the leader of every believer, man or woman.
Abu Bakr did likewise
The multitude of others came to congratulate Ali before heading home

48. وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِينًا
Ghadeer Khum
When done, Ayah of Fulfillment was revealed, Allah said in Surah  5:  Ayah 3. 
الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي
وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِينًا
This day, I have perfected to you your faith, And completed my blessings upon you, And I have chosen for you Al‑Islam as Your religion

49. Ghadeer Khum Nowadays

50. Ghadeer Khum: Dried up

51. Dispersing from Ghadeer Khum

52. Some Hadiths about Ahlul Bayt
I am leaving to you two precious matters,       
By conforming to them You will never go astray: [they are]
The book of Allah and
My family, Ahlul Bayt
The Prophet said to Ali:
(O' Ali) You will fight against matters of Its misinterpretation (the Quran), Just as you had fought on the side of its disclosure."
 إني تاركٌ فيكم الثقـلين، ما إنْ تَمَسَّــكتم بهما لَن تََضِلُّوا بعدي أبدا:   كتابُ الله وعِتْرَتي أهلَ بيتي
سَوْف تقاتل على تأويله كما قاتلت على تنزيله

53. At the death bed of the Prophet
At the sick bed of the Prophet:
Omar was among those in the room.  Upon hearing that the Prophet had requested someone to write a Will for him, Omar hastily commanded:
إنَّ النبي غلبه الوجع،  وعندنا كتاب الله حَسْبُنا
Allah's Messenger is overwhelmed by his sickness: Suffice it we have Allah's book with us.
The Prophet dismissed everyone from his room
Thus a Will was effectively prevented

54. Death of the Prophet With the Death of the Prophet, Ali in Great Grief
Ali prepares the body for burial
Abu Bakr, along with Omar and others go to a meeting at Saqeefa
Lots of argument take place at Saqifa
Omar nominates Abu Bakr, and so Abu Bakr was chosen in this hustle and bustle
Abu Bakr announces his Khilaafah in the Masjid

55. After the Prophet Ali hears (too late) that Abu Bakr was the Khalifa
Ali thought Khilaafah was his according to Ghadeer Pronouncement of the Prophet
Ali at first objected to Khilaafah of Abu Bakr along with many Sahaaba
Fatima is prevented from her inheritance of Fadak
Fatima argues in the Masjid and is in angry

56. Finally Let us Read Surah al-Asr Together

57. Thank you and May God Bless you.
Be in Allah’s Care
Thank you and May God Bless you.
Dr. A.S. Hashim