1. AP US History
Segment 2 Week 1

2. Semester 2 Reminders AP Exam is May 10, 2019
You need to finish course by April 26
AP Exam Link on my Website:
Password= ocvsapush

3. Objective This Week 5.01 The Gilded Age Quiz
5.02 The Paradox of Progress (Writing Assignment)

4. 5.01 The Gilded Age Quiz
Make sure you have a solid understanding of the following:
Influence of railroads and the telegraph
US Government encouraged industrial development
Meaning of ‘Gilded Age’
Factors that led to Gilded Age
Horizontal and Vertical Integration/consolidation
Effect on Agriculture

5. Gilded Age
Period of rapid economic growth in the United States during the last quarter of the 19th century, characterized as an era appearing great on the surface but hiding corruption and widespread poverty
Not a great time period for most Americans

6. Second Industrial Revolution
Causes: Abundant natural resources, growing supply of labor, expanding market for goods.
Government promoted industrial and agricultural development.
High tariffs protected American industry from foreign competition. Granted land grants to railroad companies, and removed Indians from western lands
Affected mostly the North and West. South still mostly agricultural

7. Innovations
Atlantic cable in 1866-electronic messages instantly between Europe and the US
1870s-1880s: telephone, typewriter, and handheld camera were in use
Thomas A. Edison- phonograph, lightbulb, motion picture, system used for generating and distributing electricity.

8. Business Practices
Consolidation (horizontal integration)- big companies bought smaller companies (U.S. Steel- 8 steel companies combined into one)
Vertical Integrated- one that controlled every phase of the business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution. (Andrew Carnegie)
John D. Rockefeller- Standard Oil used vertical integration which led to a monopoly. He bought out the competition, arraigned secret deals with railroad companies, fixed prices and production.
“Captains of Industry” or “Robber barons”- both controlled their companies with dictatorial attitudes, no regulation in industry, repressed labor policies

9. Agriculture Suffers during the Gilded Age
Farm size increased but farmers relied on chemicals and machines. Employment in agriculture dropped significantly

10. 5.02 Paradox of Progress Short Answer: Select Option 1 or 2
Option 1- Related to Social Darwinism. Does the author support or refute the idea of social Darwinism? When reading your textbook, take note of ideas, events, individuals who supported and spoke out against the concept of Social Darwinism
Option 2- related to political corruption, specifically Boss Tweed corruption in New York City. You have to compare how Tweed’s biographer described the corruption and Tweed’s own take on his corruption. When answering part C, think about the harm done to the New York City.

11. Social Darwinism Based on Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species
Poor were responsible for their own problems
Failure to advance in society was seen as a character flaw. Lack of self-reliance and determination
William Graham Sumner- freedom required acceptance of inequality. Government existed to protect the property of men and women, not to upset social arrangements decreed by nature
Unions and governments should not interfere with working conditions, and Americans had no grounds to complain.
Courts usually sided with companies and against state regulation attempts. Courts struck down attempts by states to limit working hours
Against Social Darwinism
Workers
Reformers (Social Gospel Movement)
Labor Unions
The Cooperative Commonwealth, first book to popularize socialism in the US.
Looking Backward, author predicts by the year 2000 cooperation has replaced class strife, “excessive individualism, and cutthroat competition

12. Political Corruption Influence of Lobbyists (railroad)
Lawmakers had stock or directorships in companies that received public aid
“Boss” William M. Tweed of New York City. Stole money from the city for personal gain but provided a welfare system to the poor
Credit Mobiler scandal- Union Pacific Railroad influenced politicians by offering stock

13. Thank Your for Coming
Any Questions?