1. Moles & Molar Mass 10.1 The Mole &Molar Mass
10.2 Mole Relationships in Chemical Equations
12.2 Mass Calculations for Reactions

2. Collection Terms 1 trio = 3 singers
1 six-pack Cola = 6 cans Cola drink
1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts
1 gross of pencils = 144 pencils

3. A Moles of Particles Contains 6.02 x 1023 particles
1 mole C = x 1023 C atoms
1 mole H2O = x 1023 H2O molecules
1 mole NaCl = x 1023 Na+ ions and
6.02 x 1023 Cl– ions

4. Examples of Moles Moles of elements 1 mole Mg = 6.02 x 1023 Mg atoms
1 mole Au = x 1023 Au atoms
Moles of compounds
1 mole NH3 = x 1023 NH3 molecules
1 mole C9H8O4 = x 1023 aspirin molecules

5. Avogadro’s Number
6.02 x 1023 particles
1 mole or
1 mole

6. Learning Check
Suppose we invented a new collection unit called a mep. One mep contains 8 objects.
A. How many paper clips in 1 mep?
1) ) ) 8
B. How many oranges in 2.0 meps?
1) ) ) 16
C. How many meps contain 40 gummy bears?
1) ) ) 20

7. Solution
Suppose we invented a new collection unit called a mep. One mep contains 8 objects.
A. How many paper clips in 1 mep?
3) 8
B. How many oranges in 2.0 meps?
3) 16
C. How many meps contain 40 gummy bears?
1) 5

8. Molar Mass Number of grams in 1 mole
Equal to the numerical value of the atomic mass
1 mole of C atoms = g
1 mole of Mg atoms = 24.3 g
1 mole of Cu atoms = 63.5 g

9. Learning Check Give the molar mass to 0.1 g
A. 1 mole of Br atoms = ________
B. 1 mole of Sn atoms = ________

10. Solution Give the molar mass to 0.1 g
A. 1 mole of Br atoms = 79.9 g/mole
B. 1 mole of Sn atoms = g/mole

11. Molar Mass of Compounds
Mass in grams of 1 mole equal numerically to the sum of the atomic masses
1 mole of CaCl2
1 mole Ca x 40.1 g/mole
+ 2 moles Cl x 35.5 g/mole
1 mole of N2O4
2 moles N x 14.0 g/mole
+ 4 moles O x 16.0 g/mole
= g/mole
= g/mole

12. Learning Check A. 1 mole of K2O = ______g
B. 1 mole of antacid Al(OH)3 = ______g

13. Solution
A. 1 mole of K2O = g
2 K x 39.1 g/mole + 1 O x 16.0 g/mole
B. 1 mole of antacid Al(OH)3 = g
1 Al x 27.0 g/mole + 3 O x 16.0 g/mole
+ 3 x 1.0

14. Learning Check
Prozac, C17H18F3NO, is a widely used antidepressant that inhibits the uptake of serotonin by the brain. It has a molar mass of
1) g/mole
2) 262 g/mole
3) 309 g/mole

15. Solution
Prozac, C17H18F3NO, is a widely used antidepressant that inhibits the uptake of serotonin by the brain. It has a molar mass of
3) 309 g/mole
17C (12.0) + 18H (1.0) + 3F (19.0) + 1N (14.0) + 1 O (16.0)

16. Molar Mass Factors
Methane CH4 known as natural gas is used in gas cook tops and gas heaters. Express the molar mass of methane in the form of conversion factors.
Molar mass of CH4 = g
16.0 g CH and mole CH4
1 mole CH g CH4

17. Learning Check
Acetic acid CH3COOH is the acid in vinegar . It has a molar mass of 60.0 g/mole.
1 mole of acetic acid = ____________
1 mole acetic acid or g acetic acid
g acetic acid mole acetic acid

18. Solution
Acetic acid CH3COOH is the acid in vinegar . It has a molar mass of 60.0 g/mole.
1 mole of acetic acid = g acetic acid
1 mole acetic acid or g acetic acid
60.0 g acetic acid 1 mole acetic acid

19. Calculations with Molar Mass
Grams Moles

20. Moles and Grams 3.00 moles Al ? g Al
Aluminum is often used for the structure of light-weight bicycle frames. How many grams of Al are in 3.00 moles of Al?
3.00 moles Al ? g Al

21. 1. Molar mass of Al 1 mole Al = 27.0 g Al
2. Conversion factors for Al
27.0g Al or mol Al
1 mol Al g Al
3. Setup 3.00 moles Al x g Al
1 mole Al
Answer = g Al

22. Learning Check
The artificial sweetener aspartame (Nutri-Sweet) formula C14H18N2O5 is used to sweeten diet foods, coffee and soft drinks. How many moles of aspartame are present in 225 g of aspartame?

23. Solution 1. Molar mass of Aspartame C14H18N2O5
(14 x 12.0) + (18 x 1.01) + (2 x 14.0) + (5 x 16.0) = 294 g/mole
2. Setup
225 g aspartame x 1 mole aspartame
294 g aspartame
= mole aspartame