1. Learning Goals: I will:
4. Complex Knowledge: demonstrations of learning that go aboveand above and beyond what was explicitly taught. 3. Knowledge: meeting the learning goals and expectations. 2. Foundational knowledge: simpler procedures, isolated details, vocabulary. 1. Limited knowledge: know very little details but working toward a higher level.
I will:
understand the properties of different types of galaxies.
understand how the universe came to be what we observe today.
understand how astronomers use astronomical objects (standard candles)
as a distance ladder to estimate the size of the universe and to measure large
distances in the universe.
understand how astronomers determine the age and size of the universe?.

2. Types of Galaxies!
Review from yesterday

3. Your goal for today.
Just try to wrap your head around this…..

4. Hubble Deep Field “The Most Important Picture Ever Taken”

6. Another Hubble Deep Field? And Another?

7. Chandra Deep Field South X-Ray Version
This sequence of images begins with a large optical image of the southern sky. The view zooms into the 4-million-second exposure of the Chandra Deep Field South, and then an optical and infrared image from the Hubble Space Telescope is overlaid. This provides evidence that growing black holes have been detected in 30% to 100% of the distant galaxies.
Chandra Deep Field South X-Ray Version
This patch of sky lies in the Fornax constellation.
observations taken between 2000 and 2010 have resulted in a total of exposure of over four million seconds
tKOe-5Yj0

8. How the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) was taken

10.
A full size image is 110 mb

11. Hubble Deep Field (1995): One 24-millionth of the whole sky
Approximately 10 days worth of exposure time (Dec 18-Dec 28)
Assembled from 342 separate photos
Found about 3000 galaxies in a patch of sky where NOTHING was seen before

12. Hubble Deep Field South (1998)
To provide observatories in the southern hemisphere a region to study
In the constellation Tucana (Toucan)
Over 10 days worth of exposure time
Larger field of view than original

13. Hubble Ultra Deep Field (2004):
One 13-millionth of the whole sky
bigger than the original
A few months worth of data (9/24/03 – 1\16\04)
Over 800 exposures
Contains an estimated 10,000 galaxies
Looks back over 13 billion years

14. Extreme Deep Field(2012): Combining 10 years of photos
Approximately 23 days of exposure time
A zoomed in version of the Ultra Deep Field
Adding about 5,500 more galaxies
About 80% the size of the Ultra Deep Field

15. Adds in infra-red! Hubble Ultra Deep Field (2014):
One 13-millionth of the whole sky
bigger than the original
A few months worth of data (9/24/03 – 1\16\04)
Over 800 exposures
Contains an estimated 10,000 galaxies
Looks back over 13 billion years
Adds in infra-red!

16. 2014 (w/infrared)
2004

17. Hubble Deep Field star elliptical spiral Irregular Blue White Yellow
Red

19. Answer Now!
Did you find any patterns or correlation between color and type?
What do you think this means?
What was the most difficult part of doing this? Why?
How many total stars do you think are in the picture you just analyzed?