1. Warm Up 9/15/16
1. Label and draw the 4 seasons (including tilt). 1 Volunteer will be able to draw the diagram on the board for the class.
Beginning to be tilted toward the Sun= spring
Top titled toward the Sun= summer
Beginning to be tilted away from the Sun= fall

2. 3 things you learned from the video
The Sun’s Energy Video
While watching the video complete the 3-2-1
3 things you learned from the video
2 things you thought were interesting
1 question you still have

3. Review 1.1.3
The Sun's power is produced by nuclear fusion reactions. Nuclear fusion does two things: it converts hydrogen into helium and it converts mass to energy.

4. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum represents the range of energy from low energy, low frequency radio waves with long wavelengths up to high energy, high frequency gamma waves with small wavelengths.
Electromagnetic radiation includes…
radio waves, microwaves, infrared energy, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays, and gamma rays

5. Review 1.1.3 The Sun The nearest star to Earth
A star is a large, self-luminous body in space that creates its own energy
The sun gets its energy from nuclear fusion
Dark spots on the sun’s surface are known as sunspots
Sunspots are temporary storms visible on the surface of the sun
Sunspots come and go in cycles of about 11 years

6. Classifying Stars
The Hertzprung-Russell diagram is used to classify stars by temperature and size
Our sun is a fairly typical star
Although the sun Is brighter than most of the nearest stars, it is small compared with most of the stars we see at night

8. Energy For Earth
EEn Explain how incoming solar energy makes life possible on Earth. 8

9. How does the Sun’s energy warm Earth’s surface and atmosphere?
Essential Question
How does the Sun’s energy warm Earth’s surface and atmosphere? 9

10. Energy For Earth… Radiation is …
the transfer of energy through space by visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and other electro-magnetic waves

11. What Happens to the Sun’s Energy? 11

12. Energy For Earth
The Sun’s energy reaches Earth by the process of radiation.
About 50 % of the Sun’s energy is absorbed by Earth’s surface.

13. the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules collide
Conduction is…
the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules collide
Convection is…
the transfer of energy by the flow of a heated substance 13

14. Energy for Photosynthesis
During photosynthesis, solar energy is transformed into chemical energy.
This occurs in plants, algae and some bacteria.
For this to occur, there must be water, CO2, and sunlight.
In plants, this occurs in chloroplasts.

15. So based off of what we have covered so far can you answer the following question?
A blueberry bush uses energy from the Sun to make carbohydrates. Which set of energy transformation BEST describes this process?
A. Radiant energy > Chemical energy > Nuclear energy
B. Radiant energy > Nuclear energy > Chemical energy
C. Nuclear energy > Radiant energy > Chemical energy
D. Nuclear energy > Chemical energy > Radiant energy C

16. Independent Work
2 options -Work on your project * Due TOMORROW OR -Complete the web quest

17. Earth’s Moon and Solar System
© Lisa Michalek

18. Phases of the Moon
The apparent shape of the moon depends upon the changing relative positions of Earth
As the moon completes one revolution around Earth each month, the growing and shrinking lighted area makes the moon appear to change in shape
The moon’s periods of rotation and revolution are equal
Because of this, the same side of the moon always faces Earth

19. Phases of the Moon
One complete orbit of the moon around Earth takes about 27 days
A complete cycle of the moon’s phases takes 29 ½ days
This 2 ½ day difference occurs because as the moon orbits Earth, Earth orbits the sun
When the moon gets back to its original position, it must move through an extra angle of about 30° to compensate for Earth’s orbital motion around the sun

21. Moon Phases

22. Half of the Moon is always lit up by the sun
Half of the Moon is always lit up by the sun. As the Moon orbits the Earth, we see different parts of the lighted area.

23. The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon look as if it is changing shape in the sky. 

24. This is caused by the different angles from which we see the lighted part of the Moon's surface.  These are called "phases" of the Moon. 

26. The Moon passes through four major shapes during a cycle that repeats itself every 29.5 days.  The phases always follow one another in the same order:
New moon
First quarter
Third quarter
Full moon

27. New Moon
The lighted side of the Moon faces away from the Earth.  This means that the Sun, Earth, and Moon are almost in a straight line, with the Moon in between the Sun and the Earth.  The Moon that we see looks very dark

28. New Moon

29. First Quarter Moon
The right half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of the Moon appears dark.  During the time between the New Moon and the First Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets larger and larger every day, and will continue to grow until the Full Moon.

30. First Quarter Moon

31. Third (Last) Quarter Moon
Sometimes called Third Quarter.  The left half of the Moon appears lighted, and the right side of the Moon appears dark.  During the time between the Full Moon and the Last Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets smaller and smaller every day. It will continue to shrink until the New Moon, when the cycle starts all over again.

32. Third Quarter Moon

33. Full Moon
The lighted side of the Moon faces the Earth.  This means that the Earth, Sun, and Moon are nearly in a straight line, with the Earth in the middle.  The Moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off it.

34. Full Moon

35. There are also four other phases of the Moon sometimes used.

36. ("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.)
Waxing Crescent Moon
This Moon can be seen after the New Moon, but before the First Quarter Moon.  The crescent will grow larger and larger every day, until the Moon looks like the First Quarter Moon.
("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.)

37. Waxing Crescent Moon

38. Waxing Gibbous Moon
This Moon can be seen after the First Quarter Moon, but before the Full Moon.  The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow larger and larger every day.  ("Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.)

39. Waxing Gibbous Moon

40. Waning Gibbous Moon
This Moon can be seen after the Full Moon, but before the Last Quarter Moon.  The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow smaller and smaller every day. ("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.)

41. Waning Gibbous Moon

42. ("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.)
Waning Crescent Moon
This Moon can be seen after the Last Quarter Moon and before the New Moon.  The crescent will grow smaller and smaller every day, until the Moon looks like the New Moon.
("Waning" means decreasing, or growing smaller.)

43. Waning Crescent Moon

44. http://www. opencourse. info/astronomy/introduction/04

45. Waxing & Waning

48. Eclipse of the Moon
An eclipse of the moon occurs when the full moon moves into Earth’s shadow
During a lunar eclipse, the moon turns a coppery red
You can still see the moon because sunlight is bent by Earth’s atmosphere, which causes a weak illumination of the moon

49. Eclipse of the Sun
An eclipse of the sun occurs when the new moon briefly moves in front of the sun
At this time the moon casts its shadow on Earth

50. Asteroids
Located mostly between Mars and Jupiter in a belt of thousands of rocky objects
They range from the size of pebbles to 600 miles in diameter
A few have orbits that can cross Earth’s orbit

51. Meteors
Small solid particles from space can be caught by Earth’s gravity and dragged down through the atmosphere
As the objects fall, they are heated by friction with the Earth atmosphere and burn up, producing streaks of light (“shooting stars”) visible at night
Meteors that survive their fall and hit the ground are called meteorites

52. Comets
Icy objects which usually originate in a region outside of the planets
Some of them come close to the sun in very elliptical orbits
Heating by the sun causes them to partially vaporize producing a tail
Comets are visible for weeks and do not streak across the night sky