1. Integrated Processes: On the Horizon
PRODUCTIVITY
CONSORTIUM
SOFTWARE
Integrated Processes: On the Horizon
Carlos C. Galvan August 25, 2000

2. Agenda Introduction CMMI Models CMMI Assessments Getting Started
Summary

3. Current Situation Software Division I wonder when they’ll give us our
requirements?
Management
Aeronautical
Communication
Electrical
Manufacturing
Payload
Adapted from “Transitioning to the CMMI via MBASE” briefing by Dr. Barry Boehm,
presented to SEA2000.

4. Current Situation: Implications
Organizational processes not aligned
Business, acquisition
Systems engineering, software engineering
Hardware engineering, security engineering
Separate Process Improvement efforts
Compete for resources
Create stove piped processes
Resulting in sub-optimal enterprise processes!

5. Solution Areas Integrate Processes
Create organizational processes with
Well coordinated interfaces
Common process where possible
Careful consideration of negotiation and commitment process
Emphasis on critical information flows
Industry example responses:
University of Southern California’s MBASE
Consortium’s Integrated Systems and Software Engineering Process (ISSEP)
Integrate Process Improvement initiatives
Industry response: CMMISM
SM – CMMI and CMM Integration are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University

6. How did we get here? CMMI-SE/SW V1.0 August 11, 2000
CMM for Software V1.0
1991
SE-CMM V1.1
1996
SECAM
But, what about
SA-CMM
P-CMM
PSP
SPICE / ISO 15504
ISO 12207
and others?
CMM® for Software V1.1
1993
EIA/IS 731
1999
SW-CMM V2.0 Draft C*
1997
* Not released
CMMI-SE/SW V1.0
IPD-CMM V0.98*
1997
August 11, 2000
® Capability Maturity Model and CMM are registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

7. CMMI Objectives of CMMI CMM EIA/IS 731 IPD-CMM
Encourage integration of disciplines
Integrate models
Eliminate duplication of material
Remove conflicts between models
More efficient to have an integrated model for:
Process improvement
Process assessment
Improve the models
Equally applicable and important to government (defense and civil) agencies, aerospace & defense and systems integration companies, as well as commercial organizations
CMMI

8. CMMI Project Sponsored by DoD and NDIA
Project team includes representatives from
Government
Industry
SEI
Coordinated by SEI

9. CMMI Project

10. CMMI Project Plan CMMI-SE/SW V1.0 published August 11, 2000
(Note: IPPD process areas are scheduled to be added within one month.)
for models, news, and plans

11. Agenda Introduction CMMI Models CMMI Assessments Getting Started
Summary

12. Model Architectures But the architectures are different...
Capability Levels
Level
Key Process Areas
Continuous
Improvement
Heroes
Focus 4
Optimizing 3 2 1 5
Process change management
Technology change management
Defect Prevention
Software quality management
Quantitative process management
Organization process focus
Organization process definition
Peer Reviews
Training program
Intergroup coordination
Software product engineering
Integrated software management
Requirements management
Software project planning
Software project tracking & oversight
Software subcontract management
Software quality assurance
Software configuration management
Managed
Defined
Repeatable
Initial
Product and Process Quality
Engineering Process
Project
Management
Training
Product Evolution
Sample
Results
Define Process
Tracking
Process Areas
Configuration Mgmt.
Verify & Validate
Integrate System
Architecture
Analyze Solutions
CMM for Software - Staged Model 1 2 3 4 5
SE-CMM - Continuous Model
SEI Solution: Include both Model Representations –
An elegant solution, but difficult to implement
CMMI-SE/SW Staged or Continuous Representation
CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD Staged or Continuous Representation
Staged Maturity Level - Process Areas are assessed using the practices
Continuous Capability Level - Process Areas are assessed using the specific practices within an area and the generic practices required for a specific level
CMMI “Informative Material” provides implementation detail for representative or anticipated Systems, Software, and IPPD usages

13. Staged Model Structure
Process Areas are assessed to determine the
Maturity Level
Maturity Levels
Process Areas
Specific
Goals
Generic
Goals
Commitment to Perform
Ability to Perform
Directing Implementation
Verifying Implementation
Specific Practices
Generic Practices
Informative Material

14. Continuous Model Structure
Process Areas are assessed using the Generics to determine the
capability level
Process Management
Project Management
Engineering
Support
Categories
Process Areas
Capability Levels
Generic Goals
Specific Practices
Specific
Goals
Generic Practices
Informative Material

15. Major Sources of Changes
Generalized wording to applied to both systems and software engineering
Took “union” of source models
“Raised the bar” on some legacy elements
Expanded Software Product Engineering KPA
Requirements Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation

16. Maturity Levels of Staged Models
The names of the levels have changed,
but the concepts remain the same. 5
Optimizing  4
Managed 
Quantitatively Managed 3
Defined  2
Repeatable 
Managed 1
Initial
 Performed

17. Software Model Relationships
Source of Change
CMM V1.1
CMMI
Level 2 - Repeatable
Level 2 - Managed
Requirements Management
Software Project Planning
Software Project Tracking and Oversight
Software Subcontract Management
Software Quality Assurance
Software Configuration Management
Requirements Management
Project Planning (incls DM)
Project Monitoring and Control
Supplier Agreement Management
Measurement and Analysis
Process and Product Quality Assurance
Configuration Management
Generalize
CMM V2.0 C
Consolidate
EIA/IS 731
CMMI Level 1 – Performed (No Process Areas)

18. Software Model Relationships
Source of Change
CMM V1.1
CMMI
Level 3 - Defined
Level 3 - Defined
Organization Process Focus
Organization Process Definition
Training Program
Integrated Software Management
Software Product Engineering
Intergroup Coordination
Peer Reviews*
*(Now part of CMMI Product Verification Required Goal)
Organizational Process Focus
Organizational Process Definition
Organizational Training
Integrated Project Management
Requirements Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation
Risk Management
Decision Analysis and Resolution
Generalize
EIA/IS 731

19. The Engineering Process Areas
Software Product Engineering KPA
has been expanded to five new process areas
Requirements Management
Requirements
Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation
Software Product Engineering
Requirements Management
Adapted from “Transitioning to the CMMI Product Suite” briefing by Jon Gross, presented to SSQ on 4/11/2000.

20. Software Model Relationships
Source of Change
CMM V1.1
CMMI
Level 4 –
Quantitatively Managed
Level 4 - Managed
Generalize + statistical
Generalize
Quantitative Process Management
Software Quality Management
Defect Prevention
Technology Change Management
Process Change Management
Quantitative Project Management
Organizational Process Performance
Causal Analysis and Resolution
Organizational Innovation and Deployment
Level 5 - Optimizing
Level 5 – Optimizing

21. System Model Relationships
SE-CMM
SECM
CMMI
Engineering
Technical
Engineering
PA06 Understand Customer Needs and Expectations
PA02 Derive and Allocate Requirements
PA03 Evolve System Architecture
PA01 Analyze Candidate Solutions
PA05 Integrate System
PA07 Verify and Validate System
PA04 Integrate Disciplines
1.1 Define Stakeholder and System Level Requirements
1.2 Define Technical Requirements
1.3 Define Solution
1.4 Assess and Select
1.5 Integrate System
1.6 Verify System
1.7 Validate System SW
Req’s Management
Req’s Development
Technical Solution
Product Integration
Verification
Validation
Support
2.3
EIA/IS 731

22. System Model Relationships
SE-CMM
SECM
CMMI
Project
Management
Project Management
PA12 Plan Technical Effort
PA11 Monitor and Control Technical Effort
PA10 Manage Risk
PA09 Manage Configurations
PA08 Ensure Quality
Project Planning
Project Mon and Ctl
Supplier Agree Mgt
Integrated Proj Mgt
Risk Management
Quantitative Proj Mgt
2.1 Plan and Organize
2.2 Monitor and Control
2.3 Integrate Disciplines
2.4 Coordinate with Suppliers
2.5 Manage Risk
2.6 Manage Data
2.7 Manage Configurations
2.8 Ensure Quality
PA04
PA18
L4 GP
Support *
Configuration Mgt
Proc and Prod QA
Meas and Analysis
Causal Anl and Res
Decision Anl and Resolution
L2 GP
L5 GP
EIA/IS 731
1.4 *
Not in SE-CMM

23. System Model Relationships
SE-CMM
SECM
CMMI
Organization
Environment
Process Management
PA13 Define Organization’s SE Process
PA14 Improve Organization’s SE Process
PA17 Provide Ongoing Knowledge and Skills
PA15 Manage Product Line Evolution
PA16 Manage SE Support Environment
PA18 Coordinate With Suppliers
3.1 Define and Improve the SE Process
3.2 Manage Competency
3.3 Manage Technology
3.4 Manage SE Support Environment
Org Process Focus
Org Process Definition
Organizational Tng
Org Process Perf
Org Innovation and Deployment SW
L4 GP
2.4

24. Integrated Product and Process Development IPPD Model Components Additions
Additions and amplifications of CMMI SE/SW process areas
Additional IPPD process areas:
Level 2
Collaborative Leadership
Shared Vision Building
Level 3
Organizational Environment for Integration
Integrated Team
Some modifications to CMMI model components will be included only when IPPD is selected to be part of the CMMI model to be used. Amplifications were added to many process areas and a new goal and practices were added to the Integrated Project Management process area.
The purpose of Collaborative Leadership is to make effective decisions in a collaborative and efficient way. The participants in leadership and decision making are appropriately rewarded for their efforts.
The purpose of Shared Vision is to establish a common vision that encompasses the aspirations, goals, behaviors and values of a group.
The purpose of Organizational Environment for Integration is to enable, promote, and reward integration across all business and technical disciplines while stimulating both team and individual excellence.
The purpose of Integrated Team is to form and sustain an integrated team for the development of products
From CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD Staged Representation, initially released December 1999
To be Released, concurrently, as part of the CMMI, either in August 2000 (CMMI 1.0 release date, as announced by DOD, Dr. Delores Etter,
Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Science & Technology), at the STC Conference May 2, 2000)
or within one month after release of the CMMI

25. Agenda Introduction CMMI Models CMMI Assessments Getting Started
Summary

26. CMMI Process Assessments
Plan is to support a variety of assessment types
Quick-look assessments
First assessments
Reassessments
First effort will focus on CBA IPI like assessment method called:
Standard CMMI Assessment Method for Process Improvement “SCAMPI”

27. Assessment Challenges
Assessment method issues to be resolved
Breadth versus depth
Spot checks versus complete coverage
Interpretations in SW, SE, and integrated environments
Assessment team
Number of team members increased
Domain expertise of team members
Length (and cost) of assessment related to number of practices
CMM V1.1: 316 practices
EIA/IS 731: 383 practices
CMMI V0.2 SE/SW: 431 practices
CMMI SE/SW/IPPD: 501 practices

28. Agenda Introduction CMMI Models CMMI Assessments Getting Started
Summary

29. What Should You Do Now? Identify your business objectives
Evaluate current processes
Identify areas of the process infrastructure that overlaps and will support integration efforts
Identify threads that cross discipline boundaries that are critical
Identify processes that are used by both systems and software engineering
Decide on Staged vs. Continuous PI Approach

30. Business Objectives Identify your business objectives
Reduce costs of PI, while continuing to improve
Align organizational processes
Develop common processes across organization
Maintain maturity level credentials

31. Quagmap Evaluate Processes ® Evaluate current processes
Map existing processes to models and standards of interest: CMM, EIA/IS 731, SE-CMM, ISO 9000, high level enterprise processes
Map existing processes to CMMI V1.0
Perform a quick-look evaluation
Quagmap
® Quagmap is registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

32. Process Infrastructure
Identify areas of the process infrastructure that overlap and can support integration efforts
Begin now to consolidate the infrastructure
Sponsorship
Steering committee
Process group
Process asset library
Process database

33. Process Threads
Identify threads that cross discipline boundaries and are critical
Begin now to improve these processes
Requirements process
Integration
Verification

34. Common Processes
Identify processes that are used by both systems and software engineering
Begin now to create one common process
Quality assurance
Configuration management
Inspections
Risk management
Project management

35. Agenda Introduction CMMI Models CMMI Assessments Getting Started
Summary

36. Consortium CMMI Plans CMMI CMM EIA/IS 731 IPD-CMM
Author team participation and review
Assessment methods
Training and other deployment support products
Impact Assessment
Summarize changes
Transition course
Consortium product and service updates

37. The Frameworks Quagmire
PSP
SDCCR
MIL-Q
-9858
MIL-STD-1679
SW-CMM
SW-CMM
SDCE
DOD-
STD-
2168
People
CMM
SCE
DOD-STD
-2167A
IEEE Stds. 730, , 830,1012, ,1058,1063
NATO
AQAP1,4,9
SA-CMM
ISO
15504
(SPICE)
DOD-STD
-7935A
EQA
MIL-STD- 498
FAA-
iCMM
CMMI**
Baldrige
Trillium BS
5750
IPD-
CMM*
EIA/IEEE
J-STD-016
DO-
178B
ISO/IEC
12207
SECM (EIA/IS 731)
DOD
IPPD
SE-CMM
SECAM
IEEE
1074
TickIT
ISO 9000
Series
AF IPD
Guide
SSE-
CMM
IEEE
1220
Q9000
IEEE/EIA 12207
EIA/IS
632
ISO 10011
MIL-STD
-499B*
ISO 15288*
EIA 632
* Not released
** Aug 11, 2000
Also see:

38. The Future??? PSP MIL-Q -9858 MIL-STD-1679 ISO 15504 (SPICE) DOD- STD-
2168
DOD-STD
-2167A
IEEE Stds. 730, , 830,1012, ,1058,1063
NATO
AQAP1,4,9
DOD-STD
-7935A
EQA
Software
Systems
IPPD
Acquisition
Security
People
MIL-STD- 498
CMMI
Baldrige
Trillium BS
5750
EIA/IEEE
J-STD-016
DO-
178B
ISO/IEC
12207
DOD
IPPD
IEEE
1074
TickIT
ISO 9000
Series
AF IPD
Guide
IEEE
1220
Q9000
IEEE/EIA 12207
EIA/IS
632
ISO 10011
MIL-STD
-499B*
ISO 15288*
EIA 632
* Not released

39. Conclusions: A Recommended Approach
Begin now to:
Integrate your Processes
Integrate your Process Improvement Initiatives and Infrastructures
Begin or Continue to Improve your Systems Engineering Processes
Complete “Next/Near Term” Scheduled Assessment
Study CMMI and Impact on PI Program
Determine Business Case for CMMI
Formulate CMMI Transition Strategy Plans
Determine how to Establish, Expand, Update, and/or Integrate SE/SW/IPPD Process Areas
Determine Staged vs. Continuous PI Business Case Approach for SE/SW/IPPD
The Consortium can provide a wide variety of Products and Services to support your CMMI Systems and Software Engineering Process Integration and Improvement efforts.

40. CMMI – Web Links Software Engineering Institute (SEI)
Software productivity Consortium (SPC)
Software Technology Support Center

41. Acronyms CBA IPI CMM Based Appraisal for Internal Process Improvement
Capability Maturity Model for Software
CMMI
Integrated Capability Maturity Model
DoD
Department of Defense
EIA/IS
Electronics Industries Alliance / Interim Standard
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration GP
Generic Practice
IPD-CMM
Integrated Product Development Capability Maturity Model
IPPD
Integrated Product and Process Development
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
ISSEP
Integrated Systems and Software Engineering Process
for more information
KPA
Key Process Area
MBASE
Model Based (System) Architecting and Software Engineering
for more info
NDIA
National Defense Industrial Association

42. Acronyms NSA National Security Agency PA Process Area P-CMM
People Capability Maturity Model
PDT
Product Development Team PI
Process Improvement
PSP
Personal Software Process
SA-CMM
Software Acquisition Capability Maturity Model
SCAMPI
Standard CMMI Assessment Method for Process Improvement SE
Systems Engineering
SECAM
Systems Engineering Capability Assessment Model
SE-CMM
Systems Engineering Capability Maturity Model
SEI
Software Engineering Institute
SPC
Statistical Process Control
SPICE
Software Process Improvement and Capability deTermination SW
Software
SW-CMM
Software Capability Maturity Model