1. Proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines after cardiac operation: different cellular sources at different times 
Axel Franke, MD, Wolfgang Lante, MD, Volker Fackeldey, MD, Horst Peter Becker, MD, Christian Thode, MD, Wolf Dieter Kuhlmann, MD, Andreas Markewitz, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 74, Issue 2, Pages (August 2002)
DOI: /S (02)

2. Fig 1
Levels of (A) the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in serum samples and (B) cell culture supernatant of patient derived PBMC or isolated lymphocytes during the first 5 postoperative days (preoperative day [d0]; postoperative day 1 [d1], postoperative day 3 [d3], and postoperative day 5 [d5]) after coronary artery bypass grafting. Data are compared with cytokine levels of PBMC derived from 10 healthy volunteers (controls). (# indicates p < 0.05 vs d0; ## indicates p < vs d0; n.s. = not significant). (IL = interleukin; PBMC = monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes; TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor α).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )

3. Fig 2
Cytokine levels of (A) IL-10 in serum samples and (B) cell culture supernatant of patient derived PBMC versus isolated lymphocytes. Data are compared with cytokine levels of serum, isolated lymphocytes, and PBMC derived from 10 healthy volunteers (controls). (# indicates p < 0.05 vs d0; ## indicates p < vs d0). (d0 = preoperative day 0; d1 = postoperative day 1; d3 = postoperative day 3; d5 = postoperative day 5; IL = interleukin; PBMC = monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )

4. Fig 3
Cytokine levels of (A) TH1 lymphocyte derived IFN-γ in plasma and (B) cell culture supernatant of patient derived PBMC and isolated lymphocytes during the first 5 postoperative days (preoperative day [d0]; postoperative day 1 [d1], postoperative day 3 [d3], and postoperative day 5 [d5]) after coronary artery bypass grafting. Data are compared with cytokine levels of plasma samples, PBMC, and lymphocytes derived from 10 healthy volunteers (controls). (# indicates p < 0.05 vs d0; ## indicates p < vs d0). (IFN-γ = interferon-γ; PBMC = monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes; TH1 = type 1 T helper cell).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )

5. Fig 4
(A)TH2 lymphocyte derived IL-5 in plasma samples and (B) patient derived PBMC and isolated lymphocytes during the first 5 postoperative days (preoperative day [d0]; postoperative day 1 [d1], postoperative day 3 [d3], and postoperative day 5 [d5]) after coronary artery bypass grafting. Data are compared with cytokine levels of plasma samples, PBMC, and lymphocytes derived from 10 healthy volunteers (controls). (# indicates p < 0.05 vs d0). (IL = interleukin; PBMC = monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes; TH2 = type 2 T helper cell).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )

6. Fig 5
Synopsis of our data. Onset and kinetics of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokine synthesis in vitro after cardiac operation are shown to focus on the time dependent changes during the postoperative period. (0h = zero hours, or postoperatively; IFN-γ = interferon-γ; IL = interleukin; OP = operation; TH1 = type 1 T helper cell; TH2 = type 2 T helper cell).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (02) )