1. Winning Independence

2. Objectives
Find out how the Americans won the final battle of the Revolution
Learn the terms of the peace treaty with England
Explore the reasons that the Americans were victorious
Examine the effects of the American Revolution

3. Focus Question
How did the Americans win the war and make peace?

4. Guerrillas
Fighters who work in small bands to make hit-and-run attacks
Why guerrillas didn’t follow the “rules”:

5. Francis Marion
Guerrilla: South Carolina, led men silently through the swamps
Extremely successful and efficient
Won the nickname, “Swamp Fox”
Video:

6. Loyalists Attacks Roamed backcountry
Burned Patriot farms - killed men, women, and children

7. Victory at Cowpens
General Nathanael Greene - took over Continental Army in the South
Split army in two: General Daniel Morgan took control of the west
Won a clear victory at Cowpens
Video:

8. TRAITOR! Benedict Arnold
Traitor: a person who betrays his or her country or cause and helps the other side
Was a Patriot, but felt undervalued by Congress
Staged a series of destructive raids in Virginia with his Loyalist soldiers
Video:

9. British Commander: Lord Charles Cornwallis
British general who won more battles than he lost but surrendered at Yorktown, ending the war
He was placed in command of the southern British forces

10. Final Battle - Yorktown
Cornwallis made a FATAL mistake – found himself trapped on the Yorktown peninsula
Surrendering to Washington:

11. Treaty of Paris
Britain recognized the independence of the United States
Boundaries of new nation set: Atlantic in the east, Canada north, Mississippi River west, and Florida south (Florida was owned by Spain)
The war was over!

12. Impact of the Revolution
Immediate effect: to create a new nation of 13 independent states
1789, French citizens rebelled – looked at the American example
Also inspired movements in Latin America

13. Did you pay attention?
Focus Question: How did the Americans win the war and make peace?