1. Solids, Liquids, and Gases
States of Matter
Solids, Liquids, and Gases

2. Solids Definite shape Definite volume
Particle arrangement: packed closely together, fixed location
Particle movement: vibrate
Attraction between particles: strong attractive forces

3. Types of Solids
Crystalline Solids – particles arranged in regular repeating patterns
Ex/ Quartz, salt, sugar
Amorphous Solids – particles NOT arranged in a regular pattern
Ex/ glass, plastics, butter

4. Liquids Definite volume
No definite shape (takes the shape of the container, if no container spreads to form a puddle)
Particle arrangement: close together, but able to move/slide past each other, allows liquid to flow freely (fluid)
Particle movement: faster than a solid
Attraction between particles: weaker attractive forces than solids

5. Properties of liquids
Surface tension – uneven forces acting on the particles on the surface of a liquid
Particles of a liquid are attracted to each other (cohesion). With no particles above them, the particles on the surface have a stronger attraction to the particles next to and below them
Viscosity – resistance of a liquid to flow
Depends on the size and shape of the particle and the strength of the attraction between them
Stronger attractive forces = higher viscosity (more resistance, slower)
Ex/ honey has a high viscosity, water has a low viscosity

6. Gases No definite shape or volume (spread out to fill container)
Particle arrangement: far apart
Particle movement: fast, move freely
Attraction between particles: little or no attraction between particles