1. Ethics & Presentations…
Ethics & Presentations
Devon M. Simmonds
Slides compiled from various sources including:
LINK1
LINK2
Course text

2. Outline
Research ethics & Plagiarism
Making presentations

3. Research Ethics Plagiarism Authorship
Confidentiality and conflict of interest
Ethics checklist
SOURCE: LINK

4. What is plagiarism?
Plagiarism is the act of presenting the words, ideas, images, sounds, or the creative expression of others as your own.
SOURCE: LINK

5. Two types of plagiarism:
Intentional
Copying a friend’s work
Buying or borrowing papers
Cutting and pasting blocks of text from electronic sources without documenting
Media “borrowing”without documentation
Web publishing without permissions of creators
Unintentional
Careless paraphrasing
Poor documentation
Quoting excessively
Failure to use your own “voice”
SOURCE: LINK

6. Real life consequences:
Damaged the reputation of two prominent historians, Stephen Ambrose and Doris Kearns Goodwin,
Kearns left television position and stepped down as Pulitzer Prize judge for “lifting” 50 passages for her 1987 book The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys (Lewis)
Senator Joseph Biden dropped his 1987 campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination. (Sabato)
Copied in law school and borrowed from campaign speeches of Robert Kennedy
Boston Globe journalist Mike Barnicle forced to resign for plagiarism in his columns (“Boston Columnist . . .”)
Probe of plagiarism at UVA--45 students dismissed, 3 graduate degrees revoked
CNN Article AP. 26 Nov. 2001
Channel One Article AP. 27 Nov. 2002
SOURCE: LINK

7. Real life consequences:
New York Times senior reporter Jayson Blair forced to resign after being accused of plagiarism and fraud.
“The newspaper said at least 36 of the 73 articles he had written had problems with accuracy, calling the deception a "low point" in the newspaper's history.”
“New York Times Exposes Fraud of Own Reporter.” ABC News Online. 12 May, 2003.
SOURCE: LINK

8. Authorship Whose name should be listed on a paper
Each author must have made some contribution
Ordering?

9. Confidentiality and Conflict of Interest in Research

10. Making Presentations

11. Tips to be Covered Outlines Slide Structure Fonts Colour Background
Graphs
Spelling and Grammar
Conclusions
Questions

12. Outline Make your 1st or 2nd slide an outline of your presentation
Ex: previous slide
Follow the order of your outline for the rest of the presentation
Only place main points on the outline slide
Ex: Use the titles of each slide as main points

13. Slide Structure – Good Use 1-2 slides per minute of your presentation
Write in point form, not complete sentences
Include 4-5 points per slide
Avoid wordiness: use key words and phrases only

14. Slide Structure - Bad
This page contains too many words for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you.

15. Slide Structure – Good Show one point at a time:
Will help audience concentrate on what you are saying
Will prevent audience from reading ahead
Will help you keep your presentation focused

16. Slide Structure - Bad Do not use distracting animation
Do not go overboard with the animation
Be consistent with the animation that you use

17. Fonts - Good Use at least an 18-point font
Use different size fonts for main points and secondary points
this font is 28-point, the main point font is 32-point, and the title font is 44-point
Use a standard font like Times New Roman or Arial

18. Fonts - Bad CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ
If you use a small font, your audience won’t be able to read what you have written
CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ
Don’t use a complicated font

19. Colour - Good
Use a colour of font that contrasts sharply with the background
Ex: blue font on white background
Use colour to reinforce the logic of your structure
Ex: light blue title and dark blue text
Use colour to emphasize a point
But only use this occasionally

20. Colour - Bad
Using a font colour that does not contrast with the background colour is hard to read
Using colour for decoration is distracting and annoying.
Using a different colour for each point is unnecessary
Using a different colour for secondary points is also unnecessary
Trying to be creative can also be bad

21. Background - Good
Use backgrounds such as this one that are attractive but simple
Use backgrounds which are light
Use the same background consistently throughout your presentation

22. Background – Bad
Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult to read from
Always be consistent with the background that you use

23. Graphs - Good Use graphs rather than just charts and words
Data in graphs is easier to comprehend & retain than is raw data
Trends are easier to visualize in graph form
Always title your graphs

24. Graphs - Bad

25. Graphs - Good

26. Graphs - Bad Title is missing
Font is too small & Colours are illogical
Minor gridlines are unnecessary & Shading is distracting

27. Spelling and Grammar Proof your slides for:
speling mistakes
the use of of repeated words
grammatical errors you might have make
If English is not your first language, please have someone else check your presentation!

28. To make a slide stand out, change the font and/or background
Attention Grabber
To make a slide stand out, change the font and/or background

29. Conclusion Use an effective and strong closing
Your audience is likely to remember your last words
Use a conclusion slide to:
Summarize the main points of your presentation
Suggest future avenues of research

30. Questions?? End your presentation with a simple question slide to:
Invite your audience to ask questions
Provide a visual aid during question period
Avoid ending a presentation abruptly

31. Summary Making effective presentations Slide Structure
Fonts, colour, background, etc.
Spelling and Grammar
Closing

32. QU ES TI ONS This is your time to ask questions.
Jacobson – Based on use cases. Maps the different views obtained from use cases to AspectJ
Tkatchenko – Join point model for UML.
Kande et al. – Abstract aspectj to UML. Bottom-up approach.
SOP – uses subjects (a collection of classes or class fragments). Aspect can be just a single subject or a group of subjects. Merged using composition rules correspondence, combination, or both.
Hyperspaces – SOP based. Hyperslice is similar to subject. Tool called hyperJ that supports hyperspaces in java.
Hybrid – Theme approach. Our approach.