1. Bethesda Cybersecurity Club
Lesson 3
Computing Basics

2. Agenda News Hands on Passwords (19 worst passwords) Computing basics
10 min – meet your teammates
5 min – News – NotPetya Virus
10 min – Nova labs experience
5 min – Review last week
10 min – PII and Internet Safety
10 min – CIA Triad
10 min - Malware
40 min – hands on stuff
20 min – review/closeout/cleanup

3. Passwords Any of the top 10000 passwords can be broken immediately
Brute force attacks can run 4 billion calculations per second
Passwords of 8 characters consisting of:
Only numbers - <1 second
+Lower case - <11 minutes
+Upper case - <15 hours
+symbols - <3 weeks
Always use at least 3 of the above
Always use at least 8 characters
9 characters – 5 years
10 characters – 526 years
Any of the top passwords can be broken immediately
91% of people have one of the 1000 most popular passwords
Almost half of all people use one of the 100 most popular
Use different passwords for each site
Change passwords quarterly
Do not use words or userids
BAD: Patriot [Instantly]
GOOD: [34000 years]
Keyboard patterns can be useful when physical security it high

4. Computing basics BIOS – Basic Input-Output System Services
Connects CPU with Operating System (OS)
Allows the Operating System to connect with input, output and storage devices
Manages basic system settings like date, time, power
Permanent, Embedded on the motherboard
Operating systems
Manages hardware and software resources
Graphic user interface
Mac, Windows, Unix, Linux (Ubunitu, Debian, Mint, Fedora)
Services
Applications

5. Virtual machines (VM) VM Security Computer within a computer
Host [OS] – OS of the physical device
Guest [OS] – OS of the VM
Image – another term for VM
Hypervisor – software that can create VMs (VMware, KVM)
Benefits – scalability, flexibility, portability, cost
Disadvantages
Performance depends on host machine’s resources
Single point of failure
VM Security
Benefits
VMs can isolate damage
Snapshots can allow for rollbacks
Concerns
Hypervisors can be attacked
Updates for VMs and Software on VMs
Communications between VMs must be monitored like physical machines

7. Hands on… Create user accounts Firewall WiFi Anti virus
File permissions
Malware 

8. What’s next?
Homework:
Lesson 4 – MS Windows and MS Developer Network (MSDN)