1. Nervous system

2. Teaching Points
1. The functions of the nervous system is to receive the information happening in both inside and out of the body, respond to the information and lastly maintain homeostasis.
2. The structure of a neuron includes the cell body with a nucleus, extensions called dendrites and an axon.
3. The central nervous system is in control of the center part of the body and consists of the brain and the spinal cord.
4. The peripheral nervous system controls nerves that connect out of the central nervous system and involves both voluntary and involuntary actions
5. The sense in our body includes vision, hearing and balance, smell and taste, and touch

3. Bell Work 

4. Function Of The Nervous System

5. Receiving Information
Makes you aware of what is happening around you
Checks what is going on inside your body (ex: glucose rate in the blood)

6. Responding To Information
Stimulus -> change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react
Response -> what your body does to react to the stimulus
Heart rate -> controlled by involuntary actions of the nervous system

7. Maintaining Homeostasis
The nervous system maintains homeostasis by directing the body to respond appropriately to the information it receives
Ex: You get hungry when your body needs food

8. The Structure Of A Neuron
A neuron is a nerve cell.

9. Structure Of A Neuron Large body cell with a nucleus
Dendrites carry impulses towards the cell body
The axon carries impulses away from the cell body
Bundle of nerve fiber = nerve

10. Kinds Of Neurons
Sensory neuron -> picks up stimulus from the environment and converts it into nerve impulses
Interneuron -> carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another
Motor neuron -> sends impulse to muscle or gland and react in response

11. How A Nerve Impulse Travels
Synapse -> the junction where one neuron transfers an impulse to another structure
There is a gap between axon tips and dendrites

12. Central Nervous System
Includes the brain and a spinal cord
Brain -> controls most functions of the body
Spinal cord -> links brain to most of the nerves in the outer body system

13. The Brain and Spinal Cord
Has three layers of connective tissue
Between the innermost layer and the middle layer, it is filled with fluids to protect the brain

14. The Brain Three main regions that receive and process information
1 cerebrum
2 cerebellum
3 brain stem

15. Cerebrum Left Half Right Half
Interpret inputs from the senses, control movement, and carries out complex mental process (ex: learning/remembering)
Largest part of the brain
Left Half
Right Half
Controls right skeleton muscles
Controls left skeleton muscles
Mathematical skills
Creativity
Logical thinking
Artistic ability

16. Cerebellum and Brain Stem
Cerebellum -> coordinates actions of your muscles and helps you keep your balance
Brain Stem -> involuntary actions that occur

17. Spinal Cord The link between your brain and the rest of the body
Vertebral column -> surrounds the spinal cord to protect them

18. Peripheral Nervous System
Network of nerves that branch out from the central nervous system
Controls both voluntary and involuntary actions
43 pairs of nerves
12 pairs in the brain
31 spinal nerves

19. How Spinal Nerves Function
Impulses travel on a spinal nerve both to and from the nervous system

20. How Each Function
Spinal neurons -> carry both sensory and motor neurons
Sensory neurons (Impulse :body -> central nervous system)
Motor neurons (Impulse: central nervous system -> body)

21. The Somatic and Automatic
Nerves of the peripheral nervous system can be divided into two groups
Somatic Nervous System -> controls voluntary actions
Automatic Nervous System -> controls involuntary actions

22. Reflex -> automatic response that occurs rapidly without conscious control
Some reflex actions only interact with the spinal cord
Impulses make you feel pain for protection
Reflexes

23. The Senses
Vision
Hearing/Balance
Smell/Taste
Touch

24. Vision Stimulus of light converts into impulses to let you see
Cornea, pupil, iris, lens, and retina are the parts of your eyes

25. Hearing/Balance Sounds is produced by vibrations
Outer ear: gathers sound waves
Middle ear: eardrum that vibrates sound
Inner ear: has auditory nerves
Semi-circular canals control your balance

26. Smell/Taste Chemicals that make you smell and taste 50 basic odors
5 main tastes – sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
Nose and mouth work together

27. Touch
Skin is the largest sense organ that contain touch receptor everywhere
Touch, pressure, temperature change, and pain are dermis feels

28. Video

29. Activity
Right now we all will do an activity in which you all will become part of the nervous system Let’s All Go Out On The Roof