1. Unit 5: States of Consciousness Lesson 3: Drugs
DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!):
What factors lead people to experiment with drug use?
Essential Question
How are altered states of consciousness experienced?
Today’s Plan:
Daily Commentary
Video on neurology of drug use
Overview on drugs
Next video clip
Drug Research
Practice FRQ

2. Unit Plan: States Of Consciousness
Upcoming Units:
Motivation & Learning
Test December 15th
Personality, Emotion, Stress & Health
Test December 22nd
Disorders & Therapies
Condensed Mini-Unit
Perception
Condensed Mini-Unit)
Memory, Thinking, Language
(Condensed Mini-unit)
HOMEWORK Assigned:
Lesson 1: Sleep & Dreams
Readings / Online Modules
Myers
Module #23 & 24
Superhero “Project”
Performance Task: Sleep & Dream Log
Lesson 2: Hypnosis
Readings: Myers
Module #22
For Lesson 3: Drugs
Readings: Myers ;
Useful Website:
Mouse Party
Modules: 24
Quiz/Test December 1st

3. Drugs and Consciousness
Psychoactive Drug: A chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood (effects consciousness).
OBJECTIVE 14| Define psychoactive drug.

4. Psychoactive drugs are divided into three groups.
Depressants
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
OBJECTIVE 16| Name the main categories of psychoactive drugs, and list three ways these substances can interfere with neurotransmission in the brain.

5. Dependence & Addiction
Tolerance:
With repeated exposure to a drug, the drug’s effect lessens.
it takes greater quantities to get the desired effect.
OBJECTIVE 15| Discuss the nature of drug dependence, and identify three common misconceptions about drug addiction.

6. Withdrawal & Dependence
Withdrawal: Upon stopping use of a drug (after addiction), users may experience the undesirable effects of withdrawal.
Dependence: Absence of a drug may lead to a feeling of physical pain, intense cravings (physical dependence), and negative emotions (psychological dependence).

7. Misconceptions about Addiction
Addiction is a craving for a chemical substance, despite its adverse consequences (physical & psychological).
Addictive drugs quickly corrupt.
Addiction cannot be overcome voluntarily.
Addiction is no different than repetitive pleasure-seeking behaviors.
Addictive drugs quickly corrupt: After taking drugs only (perhaps) 10% become addict.
Addiction cannot be overcome voluntarily: It can be to a large extent.
Addiction not different than repetitive pleasure-seeking behaviors: Indeed. But should we stretch the concept to cover social behaviors?

8. Depressants
Depressants are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. They include:
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Opiates
OBJECTIVE 17| Explain how depressants affect nervous system activity and behavior, and summarize the findings on alcohol use and abuse.

9. Stimulants
Stimulants are drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.
Caffeine
Nicotine
Cocaine
Ecstasy
Amphetamines
Methamphetamines
OBJECTIVE 18| Identify the major stimulants, and explain how they affect neural activity and behavior.

10. Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens are psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.
OBJECTIVE 19| Describe the physiological and psychological effects of hallucinogens and summarize the effects of LSD and marijuana.
Ronald K. Siegel

11. Drug Research
Complete the graphic organizer on drugs and their effects. Start with the “mouse party” website,” but you will need to do additional independent research as well:
Google: “mouse party”

12. When Done: Open Note, Practice FRQ
Select a drug of your choice and explain how it impacts the brain. Apply each of the following terms in your response:
A specific drug; identify if it is a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen
A specific neurotransmitter
Synapse/synaptic gap
Receptor cite
dependency

13. Unit 5: States of Consciousness Day 4: Drugs (Continued)
TURN IN: FRQ from Yesterday
DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!):
Match the following drugs with the neurotrasnmitters they affect:
Heroin
Alcohol
Cocaine
Marijuana
Amphetamines
Ecstasy/MDMA/Molly
Essential Question
How are altered states of consciousness experienced?
Objectives (write this down!):
I can: provide a physiological explanation of drug addiction and withdrawal
I can distinguish between the effects of depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogenic drugs

14. Pacing Discussion States of Consciousness Quest THURSDAY
2nd Quarter Project:
Due December 12th; Presentations on 12/17
AP Psychology “Midterm” Examination:
During 1st Semester Final Exam Week
Minority Studies Friday-Tuesday

15. Project Planning + Work Time
WHEN AT A STOPPING POINT:
Are you prepared for tomorrow’s quest (quiz/test) on States of Consciousness?
Complete all reading guides
Sleep cycles
Sleep disorders & dream theories
Freud & Jung
Hypnosis
Drugs
Form Groups of Three
Request eight preferred terms (you will get six)
Brainstorm how to present each in a creative manner

16. Depressants
Depressants are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. They include:
Alcohol
Barbiturates
Opiates
OBJECTIVE 17| Explain how depressants affect nervous system activity and behavior, and summarize the findings on alcohol use and abuse.

17. Alcohol
Alcohol affects motor skills, judgment, and memory…and increases aggressiveness while reducing self awareness.
Daniel Hommer, NIAAA, NIH, HHS
Ray Ng/ Time & Life Pictures/ Getty Images
Drinking and Driving

18. Barbiturates
2. Barbiturates: Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment. Nembutal, Seconal, and Amytal are some examples.

19. Depressants
Opiates: Opium and its derivatives (morphine and heroin) depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.
They are highly addictive.

20. Stimulants
Stimulants are drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.
Caffeine
Nicotine
Cocaine
Ecstasy
Amphetamines
Methamphetamines
OBJECTIVE 18| Identify the major stimulants, and explain how they affect neural activity and behavior.

21. Caffeine & Nicotine
Caffeine and nicotine increase heart and breathing rates and other autonomic functions to provide energy.

22. Amphetamines
Amphetamines stimulate neural activity, causing accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes, with devastating effects.
National Pictures/ Topham/ The Image Works

23. Ecstasy Ecstasy or Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
is a stimulant and mild hallucinogen.
produces a euphoric high
can damage serotonin-producing neurons, causing permanent deflation of mood and impairment of memory.
Greg Smith/ AP Photos

24. Cocaine
Cocaine induces immediate euphoria followed by a crash. Crack, a form of cocaine, can be smoked. Other forms of cocaine can be sniffed or injected.

25. Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens are psychedelic (mind-manifesting) drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.
OBJECTIVE 19| Describe the physiological and psychological effects of hallucinogens and summarize the effects of LSD and marijuana.
Ronald K. Siegel

26. Hallucinogens
LSD: (lysergic acid diethylamide) powerful hallucinogenic drug (ergot fungus) that is also known as acid.
THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol): is the major active ingredient in marijuana (hemp plant) that triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations.
Hemp Plant

27. Drugs
Summary

28. Influences on Drug Use
The graph below shows the percentage of US high- school seniors reporting their use of alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine from the 70s to the late 90s.
OBJECTIVE 20| Discuss the biological, psychological and social-cultural factors that contribute to drug use.

29. Influences on Drug Use
The use of drugs is based on biological, psychological, and social-cultural influences.

30. Marijuana Use
The use of marijuana in teenagers is directly related to the “perceived risk” involved with the drug.