1. Reproductive Rights & Health

2. Female Genital Cutting
What is FGC
Severity varies
Originally ‘female circumcision’
Why FGC instead of FGM?
Commonalities where commonly practiced
Across regions, religions, diff. practices
Poorest – hardest to reach
Consequences
Health complications, even death

3. Female Genital Cutting (cont.)
What rationale is given for FGC?
Rite of passage
Health necessity
Practitioners
Socially accepted daughters
Curb sexual urges, ensure virginity
Why should we care?
Practice persists
Counter concerns as cultural imperialism

4. Menstrual Management What is menstrual management?
♀ in poorer areas
Need for education, supplies
Consequences of lack of MM
Health complications, even death
Miss school
↓ econ. opportunities
Women sequestered
Pass laws, but not obeyed/enforced

5. Menstrual Management (cont.)
Rationale
Health necessity  unclean
Religious and/or cultural norm
Way to control ♀
Movement to support MM
Provide education
Provide supplies
Provide toilets
Challenge attitudes, start open dialogue
Why should we care?

6. Recap Political issues Economic issues Laws or lack of
Human rights issues
Economic issues
Access
Dev. level- likelihood, solutions
Product availability
Medical access, unsterile conditions

7. Recap (cont.) Sociocultural issues Transnational issues
Family/community influence
Attitudes
Religion
Transnational issues
GS needs support
Problems transcend borders
Practices relocate, asylum, barrier to dev.
Solutions can also transcend borders
Grassroots mvts. to end FGC, promote MM