1. Perception
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

2. Perceptual Organization:
Gestalt
an organized whole
tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes

3. Perceptual Organization
Figure and Ground
organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)

4. Perceptual Organization
Grouping
the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

5. Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles

6. Perceptual Organization: (Closure)
Gestalt grouping principles are at work here.

7. Perceptual Organization
Depth Perception (seeing objects in 3D)
Binocular cues
Retinal disparity:
Brain compares perception of both eyes for close objects
Monocular cues
Distance of object determines which is in effect

8. Perceptual Organization
Monocular Cues
relative size
smaller image is more distant
interposition
object that partially blocks another perceived as closer
relative clarity
hazy object seen as more distant
texture coarse --> close fine --> distant

9. Perceptual Organization
Monocular Cues (cont.)
relative height
higher objects seen as more distant
relative motion
closer objects seem to move faster
linear perspective
parallel lines converge with distance
Light and shadow
the darker the farther away

10. Perceptual Organization
Perceptual Adaptation:
our brains ability to change its ideas and expectations about how things should be

11. Perceptual Organization:
Based on many factors:
experience
culture
emotions
beliefs
context
individual motivation
perceptual sets

12. = Pain Biological influences Psychological influences
Social-cultural influences =
Our pain experience

13. Extra Sensory Perception
Four main types:
telepathy
thought transference from one person to another
clairvoyance
the perception of objects, events, etc., that do not provide stimulus to the known senses

14. Extra Sensory Perception
Four main types:
precognition
perceptions of a future event
psychokinesis
manipulation of objects by mental will without intervention of any known physical force