2. The primary learning outcomes desirable from this lesson are as follows: 1)Become knowledgeable concerning the various types of vehicle insurance and their functions 2)Learn how a variety of factors contribute to higher or lower insurance rates 3)Understand the correct procedures if involved in a collision 4)Realize that there are post-collision considerations even days after the incident Unit: Vehicle Maintenance

4. This lesson will focus upon things the average person, with a little knowledge and desire, can do to help maintain their car in good operating condition. There are many things that you can do to keep your car in good condition, but there are some things that need to be left to mechanics.

5. Power Systems Ignition/Electrical System Involved in the ignition process and provides electrical power needed to operate a vehicle. Lubrication System The use of oil, grease, and other substances to reduce damage to moving parts from heat caused by friction. Cooling Systems Provides additional cooling and source of heat for your vehicles interior in cold weather. Emission System Takes the exhaust created by burning fuel and forces it through the exhaust system to outside of the vehicle.

6. What You Can Do Check your tire pressure Rotate your tires Check and change your oil Check and fill various fluid levels Replace air filter, fuses Changing bulbs and lights Change a flat tire, jump start a car

7. Checking Tire Pressure (check at every fuel fill up) To check your tire pressure first unscrew the air cap off of the tire rim. Then use a pressure gauge to check your tire pressure and compare it to the sticker on the inside of the door. If your tire pressure is low, you should add air to your tire as recommended. What do you knowaboutcheckingtirepressure?What knowaboutcheckingtirepressure?

8. Checking Tire Pressure It is also a very convenient way to check your tire pressure. Some newer cars will alert you when your tire pressure is low by displaying it on the dash board.

9. Tire Rotation (usually about every 5000 miles) Tire rotation will allow your tires to last much longer. Refer to your vehicles users manual for the proper tire rotation patterns and for how often they should be rotated. For you to do this job youll need these... What do you knowabouttirerotation?What knowabouttirerotation?

10. Checking Your Oil To check your oil, first pop the hood Find your dipstick, pull it out and wipe it off with a rag. Reinsert it. Then pull it back out and check the level of oil on the dipstick. Add oil if you are 1 quart or more down from full What do you knowaboutcheckingyouroil?What knowaboutcheckingyouroil?

11. Adding oil First locate the oil fill cap under the hood. Remove the oil fill cap. Add the proper type of oil according to the owners manual for your car. (an oil funnel will keep drips to a minimum ) How often should you change the oil? change the oil? How often should you change the oil? change the oil?

12. When To Change Your Oil About every 3,000 - 5,000 miles or 3 months See owners manual for specifics

13. Checking Brake Fluid What do you knowaboutchecking the brake fluid? What do you knowaboutchecking the brake fluid? What are warnings of bad brakes? What are warnings of bad brakes?

14. Bad Brakes warning If your brake warning light is on and your parking brake is not set then you may have a problem with your braking system If you notice a squealing noise when braking it could mean your brake pads are worn and need replacing.

15. Checking Windshield Washer Fluid What is the usualcolorofwindshield washer fluid? What is the usualcolorofwindshield washer fluid?

16. Engine Temperature You should frequently check your temperature gauge while driving. If your car begins to overheat, especially in hot weather you should turn on the heater and fan on high; if the engine temperature does not soon lower you should pull over and let your car cool down. Gauge reads hot

17. Engine Temperature After the engine has safely cooled down (it may be an hour) remove the radiator cap. If the fluid level is low add a 50/50 mix of anti-freeze and water.

18. Know your fluids If you notice fluids under your car where it is normally parked, than you most likely have a leak which needs to be professionally checked out. Motor oil: check under engine Transmission fluid: check under car…back part of engine Coolant: check water pump, radiator or hose Power steering fluid: check system Water: usually condensation

19. Changing air filter Air filters come in various shapes and sizes. It is recommended that they be changed about every 30,000 miles (more frequently in dusty conditions) Its usually a simple procedure of removing of a wing nut or some screws What do you knowabout changing changing an air filter? What do you knowabout changing changing an air filter?

20. Things better left to professionals (unless youve had special training and have access to the proper equipment) Major tune-ups: often require technical equipment Engine problems: noises, fluid leaks; odors, broken belts, hoses, vibrations Transmission problems Rotating tires Brake jobs Radiator flushing Air conditioning Exhaust / steering system Most electrical problems

21. Emissions Testing Since cars are the largest cause of carbon monoxide pollution and smog, they need to be tested to pass emissions tests to keep our air clean. What do you knowaboutEmissionsTesting?What knowaboutEmissionsTesting?

22. Your tire blows out… What do you do? In Motion magazine, a General Motors publication Pull off the road so that you are safely out of the flow of traffic Try to stop on a straight part of the road, (onto the shoulder) so that passing traffic can see you from a distance Turn on your hazard flashers

23. Jack lug wrench Spare tire Safety Note: A car can slip off of a jack, so never put yourself in a position where the car could fall on you. Whattools are needed to change a tire? a tire?Whattools are needed to change a tire? a tire?

24. 1. Shift to Park Set the parking brake 2. Block the wheel that is diagonally opposite the flat tire. Use a block of wood or a large rock to firmly secure the wheel.

25. 3. Take out spare tire, jack, and lug wrench. (they may be in the truck – consult owners manual for exact location) Position jack under the car according to instructions. 4. Jack up the car high enough so the flat tire still touches the ground.

26. 5. Remove the wheel cover or hubcap and loosen the lug nuts. Some cars do not have hubcaps...consult your owners manual for proper instructions in removing the tire

27. 6. Jack up the car until the flat tire completely clears the ground. Use the lug wrench to completely remove the nuts and place them in the wheel cover. Sometimes the lug nuts are tight and difficult to loosen… If you can't loosen them, try putting some of your weight on the lug wrench to loosen them You will want the flat tire about 6 inches off the ground because the spare tire is fully inflated and will require more ground clearance

28. 7. Removing the wheel –Its easiest to grab the tire at the 9 and 3 oclock positions - Pull the wheel straight toward you, and off the car

29. 8. Position the spare tire directly in front of the wheel well Lift the spare tire and position it on the threaded bolts Push the tire onto the car until it cannot go any farther Replace the lug nuts on the bolts and tighten them, but not too tight...just enough to hold the tire in place while you lower the car

30. 10. Lower the car with the jack until the car is again resting on all four tires Alternately tighten the lug nuts

31. Lower the car with the jack until the car is again resting on all four tires Alternately tighten the lug nuts Safety Note: Do not use smaller spare tire for more than 50 miles. 4 3 2 1 Lower the car and put on the wheel cover