1. The Body’s Covering System
The Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems:
The Body’s Covering System

2. The Skeleton
In order to retain their shape, all organisms need a form of structural support
- unicellular: cytoskeleton composed of protein spikes called microtubules
- multicellular: either an internal framework called endoskeleton or an external framework called exoskeleton
For human beings, the skeleton (endow) is composed of calcium-rich tissue called bone

3. The Skeleton
Supports the body, internal organs, provides for movement, stores minerals (Ca); and provides for red blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)
Bones provide a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement
- fixed rigid rods that move about a fixed point
There are 206 bones in the adult human skeleton

4. The Skeleton Skeletal framework - 206 bones total - divided into:
* axial skeleton supports the central axis of the body; includes the skull, vertebral column and rib cage
* appendicular skeleton provides for movement; includes the arms and legs along with the pelvis (hip) and shoulder area