1. Timeline of
The Rise
The Mongols

2. 1194
Jin Empire of northern China suffers from major famine after the Yellow River Changes course

3. c.1200
Abbasid Caliphate suffer from conflict between Shi’ite and Sunni
Rest of Muslim world struggling with internal conflict, including the Seljuk Turks

4. 1203-c.1227 CE Temuchin a Chief of Mongol Tribe
Temuchin fathers four sons
Genghis Khan
Jochi
Jagadai
Ogodei
Tolui
Batu
Guyuk
Mongke
Khubilai
Hulegu

5. 1203 CE
After distinguishing himself in a battle to regain his stolen wife and Temuchin was named the Genghis Khan or Universal Ruler

6. 1209 CE
Genghis begins his conquests by attacking the Tanggut Empire, a Buddhist nation in northwest China, bordering Tibet

7. CE
Attacked the Jin

8. 1216 CE
Attacked Manchuria

9. 1218
Attacked Korea

10. 1218
Took Kara-Khitai

11.
Attacked Khorezim, Christians and Muslims

12. 1223
Suppress revolts by the Jin and Tanguts

13. 1227
Genghis Khan Died

14. 1227
Empire divided among heirs

15. Jochi’s son Bantu got Russia Jagadai got central Asia
Golden Horde
Jagadai got central Asia
Empire of Jagadai
Ogodei got Chinese Turkestan and the title Grand Khan
Tolui got the homeland

16. 1229
Ogodei officially gets title Great Khan and renews war against Jin with the help of the Song and Tolui

17. 1233
Jin totally defeated and Northern China under the control of the Mongols

18. Ogodei declares war on the Song
1235
Ogodei declares war on the Song

19. Batu takes Moscow and Kiev in Russia
1237
Batu takes Moscow and Kiev in Russia

20. Mongols (Golden Horde) reached the borders of the Holy Roman Empire
1241
Mongols (Golden Horde) reached the borders of the Holy Roman Empire

21. Death of Ogodei, the Great Khan
1241
Death of Ogodei, the Great Khan

22. Guyuk, Ogodei’s son becomes Khan after his fathers death
1246
Guyuk, Ogodei’s son becomes Khan after his fathers death

23. Middle East Falls to the Mongols
1255
Middle East Falls to the Mongols

24. Mongols of the il-khan Kill the Caliph
1258
Mongols of the il-khan Kill the Caliph

25. 1260
Khubilai becomes Great Khan (5th)
Civil War

26. Kubilai Khan names Peking the Capital of Empire of the Great Khan
1260
Kubilai Khan names Peking the Capital of Empire of the Great Khan

27. 1260
Mamluk defeat the Mongol invasion of Egypt with help from the Golden Horde
Hulegu named il-khan by Kubilai

28. 1259
Mongols take the Kingdom of Tali in Northern China causing a major migration to Thailand

29. Kubilai began an extended and campaign in southeast Asia
1265
Kubilai began an extended and campaign in southeast Asia

30. Kubilai takes the Dynastic name Yuan
1271
Kubilai takes the Dynastic name Yuan

31. Mongols of China convert to Buddhism

32. China falls to the Mongols
1279
China falls to the Mongols

33. Kubilai demanded tribute from Ceylon and Malabar Coast

34. Kubilai demanded tribute from Java, failed
1292
Kubilai demanded tribute from Java, failed

35. Khanate of Jagadai in Central Asia
Outcome
Yuan Dynasty in China
IL-Khanate in Persia
Golden Horde in Russia
Khanate of Jagadai in Central Asia

36. Global Consequences of the Mongols:
Trade increased: silk, porcelain, regulated and safe
Increased Communication: individuals traveled across continents, ideas about passports, coal mining, movable type, metallurgy, math, gunpowder, bronze, pharmacology… spread
Disease Spread: Plague, Typhus, Influenza, & Smallpox

37. The IL Khan: Killed last Caliph: weakened Muslim unity
Cultural Conflict: Mongol consumption of blood, leaders of IL Khan non-Muslim
Inter-Mongol Conflict: Warfare between Golden Horde and IL Khan over religion and territory, involved Christian Crusaders and Mamluks in conflict, ended when new Khan became Muslim
Tax Farming: Sold tax collecting rights to private investors, caused economic decline, gov then had trouble supplying troops, took land to do this, this was non-taxable so again tax revenue declined
Economic Failure: high taxes led to intro of paper money, did not work, lead to rebellion
Overthrow: Timur, a new Central Asian Invader took over, Turkic but used Mongol Army
Cultural Flowering: scholars & artist from China, Central Asia, and Middle East meet in Baghdad, Timur actually forcibly relocated scholars to Baghdad, Results: a world history, miniature paintings, algebra, trigonometry, astronomy influenced Europeans like Copernicus, calendars, predicting eclipses, improved Astrolabes,

38. Golden Horde: Trade: Benefited south more
Orthodox Church Cemented: Mongols used church to re-enforce power, helped church
Northern Migration: Russian Princes of North Gained Privilege, Moscow and Novogrod’s power increased, Kiev decreased, Princes of Moscow became Tsars
Economy: High taxes collected by Russian princes drained gold and silver
Mongols introduced paper money, little affect b/c
Russia had a barter ecomony
Isolation: Mongol domination cut Russia off from
Europe and may has slowed development
Centralization nearby: Mongol pressure increased
Gov power in Ottoman Empire, Lithuania, and Serbia

39. Yuan China: Economic Decline: tax farming, paper money,
Chinafication: Mongols adopted much Chinese tradition, Confucianism made strong, Mandarin
Lama Buddhism: Mongols adopt Buddhism of Tibet
Beijing: became capital, built forbidden city,
Unification: finally unify China into what it is today, worked to break down cultural differences
Social Class: Mongols on top, Central Asians and Middle Easterns ran gov, then northern Chinese, southern Chinese at bottom, Chinese became merchants and formed a new Gentry class, Corporations formed, Urbanization resulted
Medical improvements: blended Chinese with Greek and Middle Eastern