1. Research Methods: Concepts and Connections First Edition
Michael Passer
Research Methods: Concepts and Connections First Edition
Chapter 12:
Single-case Experimental Designs
Clicker Questions
Questions by Melissa Terlecki, Cabrini College
© 2013 by Worth Publishers

2. Chapter 12 1. Which is NOT true of single-case designs?
They involve a sequence of baseline and intervention or treatment phases.
They only involve studying one individual.
They include built-in replications.
Each participant serves as their own control or comparison.

3. Chapter 12 (Answer) 1. Which is NOT true of single-case designs?
They involve a sequence of baseline and intervention or treatment phases.
They only involve studying one individual.
They include built-in replications.
Each participant serves as their own control or comparison.

4. Chapter 12
2. One key difference between single-case designs and other group-designs is:
group-design data is averaged together.
only single-case designs use groups of participants.
group-designs were the common basic research strategy in the beginning of psychology.
over time, a shift occurred toward single-case designs.

5. Chapter (Answer)
2. One key difference between single-case designs and other group-designs is:
group-design data is averaged together.
only single-case designs use groups of participants.
group-designs were the common basic research strategy in the beginning of psychology.
over time, a shift occurred toward single-case designs.

6. Chapter 12 3. Which is a disadvantage in using single-case designs?
studying rare psychological disorders
methodological flexibility
studying individual differences
generalizability to other populations

7. Chapter (Answer)
3. Which is a disadvantage in using single-case designs?
studying rare psychological disorders
methodological flexibility
studying individual differences
generalizability to other populations

8. Chapter 12
4. Which area of research might NOT utilize single-case designs?
survey research
applied behavior analysis
experimental analysis of behavior
cognitive neuroscience

9. Chapter (Answer)
4. Which area of research might NOT utilize single-case designs?
survey research
applied behavior analysis
experimental analysis of behavior
cognitive neuroscience

10. Chapter 12
5. Which area of intensive study, under controlled conditions, examines how environmental stimuli and consequences regulate behavior?
psychophysics
psychopharmacology
applied behavior analysis
experimental analysis of behavior

11. Chapter (Answer)
5. Which area of intensive study, under controlled conditions, examines how environmental stimuli and consequences regulate behavior?
psychophysics
psychopharmacology
applied behavior analysis
experimental analysis of behavior

12. Chapter 12
6. Which type of single-case design involves a withdrawal of treatment and reversal of procedures?
multiple-baseline across subjects
changing-criterion
multiple-baseline across settings
ABAB

13. Chapter (Answer)
6. Which type of single-case design involves a withdrawal of treatment and reversal of procedures?
multiple-baseline across subjects
changing-criterion
multiple-baseline across settings
ABAB

14. Chapter 12 7. In most ABAB designs, “A” would NOT represent a:
treatment phase.
baseline phase.
withdrawal phase.
reversal phase.

15. Chapter (Answer)
7. In most ABAB designs, “A” would NOT represent a:
treatment phase.
baseline phase.
withdrawal phase.
reversal phase.

16. Chapter 12
8. If in an experiment a participant’s treatment is gradually reduced, this might be called a:
target behavior.
generalization phase.
reversal phase.
baseline phase.

17. Chapter (Answer)
8. If in an experiment a participant’s treatment is gradually reduced, this might be called a:
target behavior.
generalization phase.
reversal phase.
baseline phase.

18. Chapter 12
9. In which case would one be discouraged from using an ABAB research design?
if there is more than one treatment phase
if it is unlikely that target behavior will revert to baseline levels during the withdrawal phase
if a generalization phase is used
if there’s not enough time to establish a reliable baseline phase

19. Chapter (Answer)
9. In which case would one be discouraged from using an ABAB research design?
if there is more than one treatment phase
if it is unlikely that target behavior will revert to baseline levels during the withdrawal phase
if a generalization phase is used
if there’s not enough time to establish a reliable baseline phase

20. Chapter 12
10. Which type of multiple-baseline design has participants exposed to the same treatment but the switch from baseline to treatment period is staggered across participants?
multiple-baseline across subjects
multiple-baseline across behaviors
multiple-baseline across settings
multiple-baseline across behaviors, one participant

21. Chapter (Answer)
10. Which type of multiple-baseline design has participants exposed to the same treatment but the switch from baseline to treatment period is staggered across participants?
multiple-baseline across subjects
multiple-baseline across behaviors
multiple-baseline across settings
multiple-baseline across behaviors, one participant

22. Chapter 12
11. How many baseline phases are recommended in a multiple-baseline design? 1
2-4
5-6 10

23. Chapter (Answer)
11. How many baseline phases are recommended in a multiple-baseline design? 1
2-4
5-6 10

24. Chapter 12
12. Which is NOT an ethical consideration in single-case designs?
removal of treatment during withdrawal phase
continuation of baseline phase if post-treatment improvement exists
inclusion of baseline phase if treatment is immediately needed
using two or fewer measurement sessions to be reliable

25. Chapter (Answer)
12. Which is NOT an ethical consideration in single-case designs?
removal of treatment during withdrawal phase
continuation of baseline phase if post-treatment improvement exists
inclusion of baseline phase if treatment is immediately needed
using two or fewer measurement sessions to be reliable

26. Chapter 12
13. Which does NOT represent a threat to the internal validity of single-case designs?
counterbalancing
measurement reliability
randomization
order effects

27. Chapter (Answer)
13. Which does NOT represent a threat to the internal validity of single-case designs?
counterbalancing
measurement reliability
randomization
order effects

28. Chapter 12
14. Researchers argue that the best way to interpret single-case experiment effects is through:
statistical analyses.
variability control.
visual analyses.
interaction examination.

29. Chapter (Answer)
14. Researchers argue that the best way to interpret single-case experiment effects is through:
statistical analyses.
variability control.
visual analyses.
interaction examination.

30. Chapter 12
15. Single-case experiments answer the concern of external validity through:
replication.
adding control groups.
increasing sample size.
adding statistical analyses.

31. Chapter 12
15. Single-case experiments answer the concern of external validity through:
replication.
adding control groups.
increasing sample size.
adding statistical analyses.