1. Matter & States of Matter

2. What is matter? The “stuff” everything is made of
Anything that has mass and takes up space.

3. All matter is made up of atoms.
What is matter made of?
All matter is made up of atoms.

4. What is an Atom? The smallest particle of an element.
The basic building block of matter
Consists of subatomic particles
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Subatomic particles differ in their location, charge, and mass

5. What is a proton? positively charged particle
Mass =1 atomic unit (amu)
Found inside the nucleus of the atom

6. What is a neutron? No charge (neutral) Mass = 1 atomic mass unit (amu)
Found inside the nucleus

7. What is an electron? Negative charge Almost no mass
much smaller than protons and neutrons
Found outside the nucleus

8. What are elements?
The atoms of any element are alike but are different from atoms of other elements.
There are more than 115 known elements.
No element with an atomic number greater than 92 is found naturally in measurable quantities on Earth.
Elements combine in many ways to produce compounds that make up all substances on Earth.

10. What are the phases matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas

11. Do the particles in a substance move?
All particles of a substance (regardless of their state of matter) are in constant motion
They all have kinetic energy

12. What is heat?
Energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
Energy is always transferred from the high temperature object to the low temperature object

13. What is a phase change? Change of state
As thermal energy is added to a system, temperature DOES NOT always increase
Energy added is used to break down the physical forces that bond the molecules

14. What happens at the boiling point of a substance?
Vaporization
The change of state from a liquid to a gas
Condensation
The change of state from a gas to a liquid

15. What happens at the melting/freezing point?
The change of state from a solid to a liquid
Freezing
The change of state from a liquid to a solid

16. What does it mean for a liquid to vaporize?
Molecular motion increases and allows more distance between the molecules

17. Phase Change Graph

18. Brain Pop
As you watch this brainpop video, pay attention and add any new notes to your notes sheet. (You can use the back)
There will be a “review quiz” at the end, which we will use for a class game.