1. Agenda Aug 2
What am I learning today? How do physical forces shape the Earth’s landscape?
What am I doing today? Power point with notes; landforms DBQ
How will I show that I learned it? 4 box synetics summary

2. Write Examine the image below.
Warm up Aug 2
Write
Write 3 observations and 3 related inferences about the image.

3. Forces That Shape the Earth

4. Where do forces that shape the earth begin?
Core
Mantle
Crust

5. Why should we care about earth’s structure
Tectonic plate movements
The two physical processes that build and shape landforms
Volcanic
activity

6. Tectonic Plates
Large pieces of earth’s crust found beneath continents and oceans
Pieces float and move on the liquid mantle

7. Tectonic plates MOVE!
Gave rise to idea of a supercontinent called Pangaea
Continental drift theory: Pangaea broke apart and continents drifted to their current position

8. What are the consequences of plate movements?
Build mountains
Cause earthquakes

9. How are mountains built?
Tectonic plates collide “head-on”
If plate does NOT break, creates fold mountains like the Appalachian Mountains

10. What happens if the plates break in the mountain building process?
Fault block mountains
Pressure builds between the blocks of crust which tilt and tip up to form mountains like the Sierra Nevada in California

11. How do plate movements create earthquakes?
Friction locks plates into place for long periods
Pressure builds beneath the plates
When pressure is too great, plates unlock, move and release energy we feel as earthquakes

12. Volcanic Activity Found along edges of tectonic plates
Magma sometimes pushes to surface through cracks to create a volcano

13. Effects of Volcanic Activity
Build mountains, islands
“Blow off top” tearing down a mountain
Ash can bury vegetation, towns, etc.
Ash can block sun and cool global temperatures

14. The Pacific Ring of Fire

15. Forces on Earth’s Surface
Forces inside the earth create.
Forces on the surface of the earth reshape.
1) Weathering is a process that breaks rocks down into tiny pieces.
2) Erosion is the removal of small pieces of rock by water, ice and wind.

16. Weathering Chemical weathering Rock is changed into new substance
More common in warm, moist climates

17. Weathering Mechanical weathering
Does NOT change rock composition, only size of rock
Common in dry areas with both hot and cold temperatures

18. Erosion Weathered material is moved
4 agents of erosion: wind, water, ice, and gravity

19. Wind Erosion
Strips a fine layer of soil
Grinds away at rocks

20. Water Erosion
Erodes vertically and horizontally to create V-shaped valleys
Faster flow creates greater erosion

21. Ice/Glaciers Moving mass of ice that carves out U-shaped valleys
Transports large quantities of rock and soil which it deposits to create new landforms such as moraines

22. Gravity Movement of material (soil, rocks) from higher to lower ground
Examples: landslides, rock slides, mudslides

23. Close – 4 box synectics summarizer
Complete the handout using each of the 4 words below:
Erosion
Weathering
Volcanoes
earthquakes