1. Setting up Institutions for Strong Coordination Thierry Desclos, TWITR
Governance
Setting up Institutions for Strong Coordination
Thierry Desclos, TWITR

2. Why is urban transports governance an issue ?
Cities are engines of economic growth
Urban transports essential to these engines
At stake : livability/sustainabiliy/efficiency of cities/inclusiveness
Urgency : rapid urbanization increasing drawbacks of motorized modes of travel
Transport systems are wheels of this growth
At stake: enabling access to health, education, and other needs…
Inclusiveness for the poor
increasing use of motorized modes of travel: congestion, pollution, GHG emissions, climate change, increased consumption of non-renewable fuels, road accidents : greater urgency of institutions for strong coordination

3. Why is urban transports governance an issue ? (cont’d)
Number of stakeholders involved in UT
In most developing countries, governance and coordination are lacking
Difficulty to set up institutions
Institutional fragmentation is a key challenge : efficiency
Different institutions/modes of transports

4. Major issues to be considered
What functions should the institutions perform ?
What legal basis and powers should they have ?
Who should be the members ?
What about the board and President?
1°) - geographical scope. What is the relevant UT perimeter ? Depend on size of towns in a country. Fragmentation (communauté de Madrid 179 communes/STIF)
- should it be related to public transport only or should it cover all aspects of city transports ( parking ?)
- should public transport be by a public entity or contracted out ?
Three levels:
A) Strategic functions ( policy formulation, establishing a vision, …)
B) infrastructure planning/regulation ( fare, driver licensing,..)/service planning
C) infrastructure construction, maintenance and operation
London, Singapore, Paris, Vancouver: Lead institutions responsible for strategic and service planning
2°) Legal basis : (specific law or current existing legislation) (Madrid L 16 mai 1985/ LAMATA act 2002/LOTI en France). A convention in Casablanca
Risk of a specific legal basis : difficult to modify : Experimentation first ?
3°)Members : Government or decentralized ? ( can go from one to the other: STIF).
4°) Board and President : board, not all members ( STIF/ Madrid), trade union and
P users representatives (Spain) operators ( LAMATA)
President: govt, local authorities

5. Major issues to be considered (cont’d)
What resources for the institution?
What type of expenses would it take charge of?
1°) Resources : Government/local autorities subsidies, dedicated taxes ( Transport Tax), its own ( properties, advertising)
Lamata: generated funds from vehicle taxes, bus regulation fee and other user fees set us as a dedicated fund (mainly used for road maintenance), fares
What about its manpower ? ( secondment from govt agencies or its own ) and salaries ?
2°) Expenses: administrative costs or investments (STIF, LAMATA: investments/ Madrid Consorcios : No, the Region makes investments)

6. Conclusion Strong coordination for efficiency
From institutions coordinating urban transports to authorities coordinating mobility