1. Thermal Energy

2. Thermal Energy Temperature = the amount of energy in a system
Hotter substances have more atomic movement and more energy
Measured with a thermometer

3. Temperature Scales Celsius (metric) Kelvin Fahrenheit
Designed so 0° is freezing point and 100° is boiling point of water
Kelvin
Based on absolute zero
No negative temperatures
Fahrenheit

4. First Law of Thermodynamics
The total energy used in any process is conserved.

5. Second Law of Thermodynamics
Thermal energy always moves from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature.

6. Specific Heat
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 Kelvin.
Good conductors= low specific heat (heat up quickly)

7. Energy = specific heat x mass x temperature change
Specific heat can be used to figure out how much energy it takes to raise an object’s temperature
Energy = specific heat x mass x temperature change
Energy = cmΔT
How much energy must be transferred as heat to 200 kg of water in a bathtub to raise the water’s temperature from 25°C to 37°C? (Specific heat of water = 4,186 J)