1. I) How Waves Move Energy

2. A) Waves

3. 1) A wave is a disturbance that travels through matter or space, carrying energy from one place to another without carrying matter along with it

4. a) Light and sound are both energy traveling in waves

5. b) Radio waves carry information received by radio and television

6. 2) Waves that travel through water are mechanical waves

7. a) Mechanical waves need matter to travel through

8. b) The matter moves back and forth or up and down, however never permanently displaced

9. c) Example: floating object will only bob up and down, not move forward

10. d) Waves do not transport matter, only energy

11. 3) Parts of a Wave

12. a) Crest: the highest part of the waves

13. b) Trough: the lowest part of the waves

14. c) Height: vertical distance between the crest and trough

15. d) Amplitude: the distance any point on the waves is moved from its resting position to the crest (1/2 the distance of the height)

16. e) Wavelength: the distance between from one crest to the next crest

17. B) Different Kinds of Waves

18. 1) Transverse Waves: Wave that vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave

19. a) Stringed instrument like guitars form transverse waves when plucked

20. b) Light travels as a transverse wave

21. c) Do not need a medium to travel through, like light in space

22. 2) Longitudinal Waves: vibrate back and forth in the same direction as the wave is moving

23. a) Has an area of compression where the particles are closer together

24. b) Has an area of rarefaction where the particles are spread out

25. c) Examples include Sound and Earthquake Waves

26. C) Speed, Frequency and Wavelength

27. 1) The speed of a wave in a particular substance stays the same unless the substance is changed in some way such as heat or density.

28. a) Sound always travels through air at the same speed unless the temperature changes

29. b) Waves travel through water at the same speed unless the depth of the water changes

30. 2) Frequency of a wave is the number of vibrations it has in a given time

31. a) Measured by counting the number of crests that pass a point in a given amount of time

32. b) 1hertz = 1 vibration per second

33. D) Energy from Waves

34. 1) All waves carry energy in the form of light, sound, heat, or motion

35. 2) We can use that energy that waves carry

36. a) Solar panels collect energy from the sun, changing it to heat or electricity

37. b) Can also get energy from ocean waves

38. 3) Energy in waves can also destroy

39. a) Hurricane can transfer energy to ocean waves called storm surge

40. b) Earthquakes energy travels as wave though the earth called seismic waves

41. c) Undersea earthquakes transfer their energy to the ocean creating tsunamis