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Orbital Diagrams www.currituck.k12.nc.us/.../Hunds%20Rule%20Orbital%20Diagrams%2…

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Presentation on theme: "Orbital Diagrams www.currituck.k12.nc.us/.../Hunds%20Rule%20Orbital%20Diagrams%2…"— Presentation transcript:

1 Orbital Diagrams

2 Sublevels are made of orbitals.
s-type sublevels are made of 1 orbital. p-type sublevels are made of 3 orbitals. d-type sublevels are made of 5 orbitals. f-type sublevels are made of 7 orbitals. Every orbital can hold up to 2 electrons.

3 Review In an atom, electrons fill the lowest sublevels first (aufbau principle). Fill higher energy sublevels only when lower ones are already filled.

4 Order of Sublevel Filling
5p 7p 5p6 4f 4f14 7s 5s 3d 5s2 4d10 3d10 3p 4p6 3p6 4d 3s 3s2 4s2 4p 4s 6s2 6p 6d 6s 2p6 2p 2s 2s2 Electron Configuration for Platinum (Element 78) 1s 1s2

5 Hund’s Rule In a sublevel, every orbital gets one electron before any orbital gets a pair. Example: e- config. for carbon: 1s2 2s2 2p2 1s 2s 2p orbitals sublevel energy level

6 Hund’s Rule e- config. for oxygen: 1s22s22p4 1s 2s 2p orbitals
sublevel energy level

7 Orbital Diagrams Show the arrangement of electrons in orbitals within an atom. Use boxes to represent orbitals. One arrow (↑) represents 1 e-. 2 arrows (↑↓) rep. 2 e-.

8 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for hydrogen. e- config: 1s1 1s

9 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for helium. e- config: 1s2 1s

10 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for lithium. e- config: 1s2 2s1 1s 2s

11 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for beryllium. e- config: 1s2 2s2 1s

12 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for boron. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p1 1s

13 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for carbon. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p2 1s

14 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for nitrogen. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p3

15 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for oxygen. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p4 1s

16 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for fluorine. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p5

17 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for neon. e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p6 1s

18 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for sodium.
e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 1s 2s 2p 3s

19 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for magnesium.
e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 1s 2s 2p 3s

20 Orbital Diagrams Orbital diagram for aluminum.
e- config: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p


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