1. February 7, 2016
Journal: Why do you and your siblings have different traits even though you have the same parents?

2. Genetics: Genotype & Phenotype

3. Determined many rules about basic genetics
Gregor Mendel
Determined many rules about basic genetics

4. Phenotype vs. Genotype
Phenotype: the physical appearance of a plant or animal because of its genetic makeup (genotype)
Genotype: genetic makeup of an individual

5. Genotype
Gene: a specific region of a chromosome which is capable of determining the development of a specific trait; composed of DNA
Allele: a pair of genes located at the same place on a homologous chromosome

6. Traits are controlled by genes
Dominant genes: those that mask the presence of other corresponding genes
Recessive genes: those whose physical expression (phenotype) is masked when in the presence of a dominant gene

7. Heterozygous vs. Homozygous
Heterozygous- when a plant or animal has two genes for different traits
Homozygous- when a plant or animal has two genes for the same trait

8. Dominant/Recessive Traits
Whenever you have a dominant allele the dominant allele is expressed
The recessive trait will only be expressed if there are two recessive alleles

9. Codominant Traits
When both alleles are observed on the organism

10. Incomplete Dominance
When both alleles mix together to form the appearance of the trait on the organism