1. 2011 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF TURKEY
United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Revising the Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses
Şebnem BEŞE CANPOLAT , PhD
Head of Demographic Statistics Department
TURKSTAT
October 29 – November 1, 2013
New York

2. POPULATION CENSUSES IN TURKEY
History
First census was in 1927,
Second census was in 1935,
5 year-interval censuses, in years ending with
(0) and (5) ( ),
10 year-interval censuses, in years ending with (0)
(after 1990),
Last traditional census was in 2000,
Totally 14 traditional population censuses.

3. TRADITIONAL POPULATION CENSUSES IN TURKEY
Methodology
Traditional census method (face to face interview),
Paper-based questionnaire,
De facto population definition,
One day application with national curfew.

4. TRADITIONAL POPULATION CENSUSES IN TURKEY (cont.)
Problems
Lack of information on usual residence (de jure),
Overcounting (imaginary) population,
Increasing cost of the census,
Duration of data processing around 3.5 years,
Limited number of questions due to the one-day application,
Information on population size and their characteristics is not available between the census years.

5. Establishment of Address Based Popution Registration System in 2007
Standardization of addresses
Saving public resources
ABPRS
Carrying out the public services more effectively
Updated statistics
on population
Successful
plans and programs
in national and
regional level

6. WHAT IS ADDRESS BASED POPULATION REGISTRATION SYSTEM?
From National Address Database (NAD)
Personal Information from The Central Civil Registration System (MERNIS)
ABPRS
MATCHED personal information from MERNIS and addresses from NAD by using the Turkish Republic identification numbers

7. ABPRS
Population results refering 31 December based on the new system are announced to the public every year in January.
Population by localities (province, district, sub-district and village)
Age and sex structure,
Internal migrations,
Legal marital status,
Place of registration,
Educational status,
Nationality of persons living in Turkey (Turkish citizens and foreigners)
All information is available on the web site (

8. WHY DİD WE NEED A CENSUS ?

9. 2011 Population and Housing Census
Turkey has conducted a census in 2011 in the scope of the 2010 World Population and Housing Census Programme.
Main purpose of conducting a census is to obtain information that are not available in the ABPRS, other administrative registers and that can not be obtained from regular household surveys in province level.

10. POPULATION CENSUS TOPICS
Determination of the Variables and Design of the Questionnaire

11. 2011 PHC Questionnaire was prepared considering:
UNECE/Eurostat Recommendations
Eurostat Regulations
National needs
Variables, that cannot obtained from registers
Information which can not derived from regular household surveys for provinces
Requirements of governmental organizations
Demands of local users

12. Questionnaires
A total of 4 pretest and pilot studies were conducted before the finalization of the questionnaire, data entry programme and field application phases.
Two types of questionnaires were used in the field application of the survey:
Household Questionnaire
Questionnaire for Institutional Places (university dormitories, nursing houses, military barracks, prisons and detention centers, etc.)

13. Topics Recommended by UN
1. Geographical, internal migration characteristics
Topics UN TR
Place of usual residence
Core ☺
Place where present at time of census  -
Place of birth
Duration of residence - 
Place of previous residence
Place of residence at a specified date in the past
Total population
Core topic, derived
Locality
Urban and rural
Additional questions : reason for migration

14. 2. International migration characteristics
Topics UN TR
Country of birth
Core ☺
Citizenship
Year or period of arrival
Additional topics
Reason of migration 1&5 year
Ever resided abroad for at least 12 months?
Country of previous usual residence abroad (last one)
Year of arrival

15. 3. Household and family characteristics
Topics UN TR
Relationship to the head or other reference member of household
Core ☺
Household and family composition
Core topic, derived
Household and family status
Additional topic

16. 4. Demographic and social characteristics
Topics UN TR
Sex
Core ☺
Age
Marital status
Religion
Additional topic  -
Language
Ethnicity
Indigenous peoples

17. 5. Fertility and mortality
Topics UN TR
Children ever born alive
Core ☺
Children living
Date of birth of last children born alive
Births in the past 12 months
Core topic, derived
Deaths among children born in the past 12 months
All core topics were covered
For the live births given since January 1, 2005; starting from the last born child, name, sex, date of birth, whether alive or dead, if dead date of death information was collected
Additional topics –Age, date or duration of first marriage and age of mother at birth of first child born alive and maternal or paternal orphanhood- were not taken place in the questionniare

18. 5. Fertility and mortality (cont.)
Topics UN TR
Age, date or duration of first marriage
Additional topic - 
Age of mother at birth of first child born alive
Household deaths in the past 12 months
Core ☺
Maternal or paternal orphanhood  -

19. 6. Educational characteristics
Topics UN TR
Literacy
Core ☺
School attendance - 
Educational attainment
Field of education and educational qualifications
Additional topic
Pre-primary education -

20. 7. Economic characteristics
Topics UN TR
Activity status
Core ☺
Occupation
Industry
Status in employment
Time worked
Additional topic  -
Income

21. 7. Economic characteristics (cont.)
Topics UN TR
Institutional sector of employment
Additional topic  -
Employment in the informal sector
Informal employment
Place of work ☺

22. 8. Disability Characteristics
Topics UN TR
Disability status
Core ☺
Disability questions were formed based on UN led “Washington Group” recommendations . This group develops disability questions for censuses and surveys.
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used.

23. 8. Disability Characteristics (cont.)
In PHC, 6 functions were questioned :
seeing,
hearing,
speaking
walking or climbing stairs,
holding or lifting something and
learning, doing simple calculations, remembering
These set of questions were not enough eligible to determine disabled population. So it is suggested to derive disability statistics not from PHCs, but by special surveys.

24. 9. Agriculture Not covered Agricultural census
National Farm Registry System - frame

25. Thank you...

26. 2011 Population And Housing Census (cont.)
In this round, Turkey changed the (traditional) census methodology, and at first time;
used the population registers,
applied a census according to the de jure population definition,
conducted a census with the 2-3 month field application instead of one-day application.

27. Scope of the 2011 PHC Register based large-scaled sampling survey
Approximately 2,2 million households were enumerated.
Complete enumeration of institutional places (military barracks, university dormitories, nursing homes, prisons, orphanages, etc.)
Totally 9 million persons were interviewed.
In the field application, Turkish Citizens and foreigners residing in the country were covered.