1. Work v Employment
Work is any activity that requires effort but you don’t necessarily get paid
Employment is any work undertaken for payment. You are doing work but getting paid to do so.
Example
Máistir is a teacher but trains Dunboyne soccer team. Máistir gets paid for being a teacher and so this is employment but coaching the football team is considered work because he does not get paid for it

2. Types of Work Employment Unemployment Self- Employment Types of Work
Voluntary Work

3. Employment As we have already learned, employment is work for payment
An employee is the name given to someone paid to do work
An employer is the name given to someone who pays someone to work

4. RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES
As part of an organisation, an employee has many Rights and Responsibilities such as:
RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES
RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES
To receive a fair wage for work done
To work to the best of their ability
Not to be discriminated against- race, gender, religion etc
To be punctual (on time)
To be provided with a healthy
and safe workplace
Not to reveal confidential
information to people outside the business
To join a trade union
Obey the rules
To receive the statutory number of holidays.
To implement company policy at all times

5. EMPLOYERS RIGHTS OF EMPLOYERS RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYERS
Decide Company Objectives
Provide a safe and healthy workplace
To expect a fair days work from employees
Treat all staff fairly
Set conditions of employment
Abide by employment laws
Expect loyalty
Deduct and record appropriate taxes such as PAYE and PRSI
Dismiss an employee who has not honoured the terms of employment

6. Some Types of Employment
Office Work- Example would be an office secretary or receptionist- answering telephones, sending s
Technical Work- Example include a chemist, dentist or scientist- using specialist equipment to perform tasks
Manual Work-Example would be a builder, plumber, hairdresser- requires physical skills

7. Some Types of Employment
Services and healthcare- Examples would be doctors, nurses, teachers- anyone who provides a service as part of their job
Creative Work- Examples would be musicians, designers, or entertainers- possess creative skills
Management and Administration- Examples would be accountants, football managers, chief executives- planning and organising resources and managing people

8. Employment Advantages Disadvantages Regular income
Perks- example Company Car
Promotion prospects- can move up the ranks
Job satisfaction
Unsociable working hours
Have to follow someone else instructions
May have to work long hours over busy periods
Pay Tax

9. The Self -Employed
A self-employed person is anyone who seeks out paid work for themselves rather than be employed by anyone else (Example: Sole Trader)
Advantages include Keeping all Profits, Chose working hours and Make all big decisions
Disadvantages include Unlimited Liability (lose all money invested), Long working hours and You may not have expertise to make decisions

11. Voluntary Work
This would be non- paid forms of work, like charity workers or family members minding young kids
People will often do this work out of good will, however it is important to remember there is no money benefit for doing so

12. Unemployment
These are the people who are out of work but are available to work
It is measured using the quarterly household survey which happens once every 4 years, or by using The Live Register (The Dole) which measures people receiving unemployment benefit each week

13. Task
Using your I-Pad, find out the rate of unemployment in 2004, , 2016.

14. Organisations that Employ People
Sole Traders
Private Limited Companies
Co-Operatives
State Owned Companies
Franchises

15. Sole Traders
The Sole Trader owns and runs their own business. The Sole Trader is the one who makes all decisions and provides the money in their business

16. Private Limited Companies
Formed when between 2 and 100 people put together money to start a new business. The people who put money in are called shareholders.
If the company makes a profit, shareholders receive a dividend. The dividend received depends on the amount of shares you invest. 1 share = 1 vote, the more shares, the more votes.
Shareholders have Limited Liability, and the words ltd come after the company name

17. Co-Operatives
Co-operatives pool resources to achieve common goals, which as individuals they may not achieve alone. The people who set it up are called members and all profits go to the members
Co-operatives have LIMITED LIABILITY which means…
Each member has one vote regardless of the amount of shares they own

18. State Owned Companies
Formed by the Dáil and owned by the state with a board of directors appointed to run them
When a government sells a State- Owned company it is called privatisation
If the government takes over a company it is called nationalisation

19. State Owned Companies

20. What is Franchising
Franchising is a business arrangement whereby one person (franchiser) sells the right to use their name, idea or business to others (franchisees) and allows them to set up an exact replica of that business.
A franchise is effectively a licence to produce and/or sell another well- known company’s products and use the company’s name.

22. Why some jobs pay more People have extra training and skills
People have more experience
Trade Union negotiations
High demand for workers, low supply of jobs

23. How the workplace is changing
Improvements in technology- machines doing things faster
Outsourcing of people- people brought in from outside the workplace to do specialised work
Downsizing- reducing employees to keep costs down
Increased competition- more and more firms compete with each other for new and existing customers