1. Articles of Confederation Britain Is Gone…What Now?
Essential Question: How could our Founding Fathers best meet the governing needs of the various factions after the Revolutionary War?

2. Articles of Confederation
The Declaration of Independence told the world colonists were separating from England and why, but it did not declare America to be a single country.
The 13 colonies in fact, became 13 separate countries each with its own government and laws.
They called themselves states.

3. Articles of Confederation
At the time, the idea of separate independent states appealed to most Americans.
The citizens of South Carolina, for example, felt they had little in common with the citizens of Connecticut.
A few Americans, however, wanted to create a large central government of their own.

4. Articles of Confederation
Although each state was well prepared and eager to govern itself, a state could not do some things on its own.
It could not raise and maintain a large army. The war against Great Britain could never have been won by 13 small state armies. A single, strong army under central control was necessary.
For this reason, the Second Continental Congress made plans for “a firm league of friendship” among the states.

5. Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation were the 1st plan of government for the United States.
The Articles of Confederation did not unite the states into a single country. It established a system for cooperation among independent states.
The Articles set up a (Legislative Branch) a one-house legislature in which each state had one vote.

6. Articles of Confederation
Because of their bad experience with the British government, the states refused to let Congress have two important powers.
It had no power to tax and no power to enforce its laws.
The Articles allowed the Congress to ask the states for money, but not to demand it.

7. Brain
Snack . . . .

8. Ponder
Answer this reflective question. What problems could there be if the government could not tax and not enforce laws?

10. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
By 1781 all 13 states had ratified or approved the Articles of Confederation.
Within the next few years it became clear that the Articles had some serious problems.

11. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
To begin with, the Congress could not pass a law unless 9 states voted in favor of it. This made it very difficult for the Congress to accomplish anything.
Even when the Congress managed to pass laws, it could not enforce them.
Unlike the state Constitutions, the Articles did not provide for a president or for courts. If a state decided to ignore a law, the Congress could do nothing.

13. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Unable to collect taxes the Congress had to borrow money to pay for the war against Britain.
The Congress also allowed the states to fall into debt. Doing business was difficult during the war against Britain. To make up for lost income each state placed heavy taxes on goods from other states and countries.
Some foreign countries refused to trade with the American States.

14. Settling Western lands
The Northwest Ordinance provides an orderly settlement process in the West.
It promised
no slavery
education
freedom of religion
trial by jury

15. Northwest Territory
The Northwest Territory was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River. The states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin would be formed from this area.

16. Write your questions on the left side of your notes.
Conclusion
Highlight key terms.
Write your questions on the left side of your notes.
Write your summary at the bottom.