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Chapter 8: The Growing Rock Monster ( )

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1 Chapter 8: The Growing Rock Monster (1970-1975)

2 Two important changes occurred in 1970s rock music
Initiated by 1960s pioneers: Beatles Beach Boys Bob Dylan Rock music shifted from emphasis on the single to the album Rock shifted from music for dancing to music for listening

3 The expansion of rock musical styles was accomplished by incorporating other musical styles
Classical music Electronic music Jazz

4 Blues-based British rock

5 Roots in the Rolling Stones, Yardbirds, and Cream
Rolling Stones introduced the Chicago electric blues to white American teenagers in the 1960s Yardbirds came in the wake of the Stones with talented guitarists Eric Clapton… Jeff Beck… Jimmy Page… 1970s British bands built on the stylistic foundation established by the Stones, the Yardbirds, and Cream Deep Purple Led Zeppelin Black Sabbath

6 Led Zeppelin One of the most successful new British groups in the 1970s Eight number one albums in the UK Six number ones in the U.S. Blend of traditional electric blues, acoustic folk, and psychedelic experimentation "Whole Lotta Love," on the second album, blends harder rock with psychedelia

7 Led Zepplin Their fourth untitled album (p2 uk1, 1972) contained their best example of a blend of all three styles Led Zeppelin lyrics often dealt overtly with sexuality "Kashmir," from Physical Graffiti (p1 uk1, 1975) deals with ancient Eastern spirituality and wisdom The Led Zeppelin song “Stairway to Heaven” features an opening section with an acoustic guitar accompanied by recorders and deals with spiritual enlightenment…

8 "Whole Lotta Love": Hippie Blues Rock
Adaptation of a Willie Dixon blues number called "You Need Love" Blues is clearly a central component The song also has elements of psychedelia Distinctively psychedelic flavor to this section Spacey sounds… Stereo effects… Plant's moaning… Guitar solo displays psychedelic blues-rock virtuosity Similar to guitar playing by Eric Clapton and Jimi Hendrix

9 Deep Purple Formed in London in 1968
Number four single in 1968 with a version of Joe South's "Hush" Mixed its blues-based rock with classical music One of the first albums to use a symphony orchestra Concerto for Group and Orchestra (uk26, 1970) The lineup with Gillan and Glover had several hit albums in the 1970s Deep Purple in Rock (uk4, 1970) Fireball (p32 uk1, 1971) Machine Head (p7 uk1, 1971) "Smoke on the Water" and "Highway Star" were on Machine Head These two songs have been staples of rock radio stations ever since

10 Deep Purple "Highway Star“…
Was considered influential in the development of 1970s heavy metal Also a good example of blending rock and classical music Also true to the hippie aesthetic: two extended instrumental solos

11 Deep Purple "Lazy"—also on the same album—incorporates psychedelic ideas into blues rock Begins with a moody organ solo Blend of church music, blues, and a bit of phantom-of-the-opera Reminiscent of Iron Butterfly's "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida" Strong blues solos Falsetto screams that became the model for much rock singing of the late 1970s and 1980s

12 Deep Purple Gillan was featured on the concept album Jesus Christ Superstar… Written by Tim Rice/Andrew Lloyd Webber Gillan sang the part of Jesus… Deep Purple members went on to found other groups at the end of the 1970s Rainbow (Blackmore) Whitesnake (David Coverdale—he replaced Gillan in 1974) Gillan

13 Black Sabbath introduces gothic elements into metal
Started as a blues band Decided to use horror as a trademark to get noticed Renamed their band after the Boris Karloff film Black Sabbath Singer Ozzy Osborne… Guitarist Tony Iommi Bassist Geezer Butler Drummer Bill Ward First track on their first album, Black Sabbath (p23 uk8, 1970), sounds like it belongs in a horror film Tri-tone riff follows distant church bells… Tri-tone is an interval nicknamed the "devil's interval" because of its dissonant quality…

14 The Small Faces and Humble Pie
Originally called the Small Faces Several successful albums in the UK and a hit single in the states in the late 1960s The album Ogden's Nut Gone Flake (uk1, 1968) was a post-Sgt Pepper concept album "Itchicoo Park" (p16 uk3, 1967) was their only U.S. hit Marriott left in 1969 to form Humble Pie, a blues-rock band

15 Small Faces name shortened to just the Faces
Members of Jeff Beck's band were recruited: Singer Rod Stewart Faces began having transatlantic hits A Nod's as Good as a Wink to a Blind Horse (p6 uk2, 1971)—their third album "Stay with Me" (p17 uk6, 1971) The fourth album: Ooh La La (p21 uk1, 1973) "Cindy Incidentally" (p48 uk2, 1973)

16 Small Faces name shortened to just the Faces
Stewart began releasing hit solo albums and singles during the early 1970s The Faces disbanded in 1974 Stewart went solo—eventually releasing disco hits Wood joined the Rolling Stones Kenny Jones joined the Who after drummer Keith Moon died of an overdose

17 Humble Pie Steve Marriott was the leader—voice was similar to Rod Stewart's Guitarist Peter Frampton Bassist Greg Ridley Drummer Jerry Shirley British hit with "Natural Born Bugie" (uk4, 1969) Frampton then left the band for a solo career (replaced by Dave Clemson)

18 American blues and southern rock

19 Southern rock: a term that originated in the north and on the west coast…
Writers and media used the term in conjunction with southeastern bands… Means of categorizing the music from southern states… Served as a means of marketing an image… Musicians themselves didn't necessarily think much about it…

20 Allman Brothers Band and southern rock
Duane Allman: a favorite studio guitarist at Fame Studios in Muscle Shoals… Put a band together in 1969 Brother Gregg Allman on vocals and organ Three important influences on their music: Blues British blues-rock bands

21 Allman Brothers Band and southern rock
The band's first successful album was their third—a double live album.. Live at the Fillmore East (p13, 1971) "Whipping Post" (from their first album) exemplifies their live blues soloing abilities… Duane Allman was killed in a motorcycle accident in 1971 and Barry Oakley in 1972 Eat a Peach (p4, 1972) One of their most successful albums "Ramblin' Man" (p2) by Dickey Betts demonstrates country influences

22 Lynyrd Skynyrd Named after a high school teacher they didn't like—they re-spelled the name… Signed with Al Kooper's label, Sounds of the South, in Atlanta… The band thought they shouldn't be on the same label as the Allman Brothers Several successful albums during the 1970s Songs featured lots of guitar Lyric topics often focused on stories of life in the south

23 Lynyrd Skynyrd Several hit singles "Sweet Home Alabama" (p8, 1974)
(Prompted by the song “Southern Man” by Neil Young)… "Saturday Night Special" (p27, 1975) "What's Your Name" (p13, 1977) "Free Bird" was on the live album One More from the Road (p9 uk17, 1976) A staple on rock radio playlists ever since Ronnie Van Zant was killed in plane crash in 1977 days after the release of Street Survivors

24 Marshall Tucker Band Nobody in the band is named Marshall Tucker
Formed in 1971 by two brothers: Eight albums in the Top 40 (six with Capricorn and two with Warner Bros.) during the 1970s including: The Marshall Tucker Band (p29, 1973) Searchin ' for a Rainbow (p15, 1975) Their most successful single was "Heard It in a Love Song" (p 14, 1977) Stronger country influence than blues

25 Charlie Daniels Band Formed his own band in the early 1970s
Style is more country than rock Daniels is older than the other southern rock musicians Southern rockers looked up to him as a mentor Five Top 40 albums between 1975 and 1982 Daniels had a number three hit single in 1979 "The Devil Went Down to Georgia“… That song became Charlie Daniels's trademark song

26 American blues-based rock outside the southeastern states

27 Santana Led by Carlos Santana
Gained recognition at the Woodstock festival Lengthy improvisations based on jazz and blues His style is referred to as Latin rock… Several successful singles and albums during the 1970s "Evil Ways" (p9, 1970) was the band's first hit "Black Magic Woman" (p4, 1970) was on Abraxas "Oye Como Va" (p13, 1971) Also on Abraxas Carlos Santana is the Latino answer to Eric Clapton's elevation of blues to the virtuosic level

28 ZZ Top Formed in Texas Heavy reliance on blues; style is considered Texas blues First album didn't chart, but subsequent albums did well through the 1970s into the 1980s First Album (1971) didn't chart Tres Hombres fared better (p8 1973) Fandango! (p10 uk60, 1975) The Fandango! track "Tush" (p20, 1975) is most representative of their style

29 Steppenwolf Formed in Los Angeles in the late 1960s
Singer/guitarist John Kay… Organist Goldy McJohn… Drummer Jerry Edmunton… First album, Steppenwolf (p6, 1968) Contained the hit single, "Born to Be Wild" (p2, 1968) Steppenwolf the Second (p3, 1969) The single "Magic Carpet Ride" (p3, 1968) was on that album Disbanded after a Valentine's Day concert in 1972

30 Three Dog Night Formed in Los Angeles
Early records produced by Brian Wilson… Three lead singers Several hit songs by up-and-coming songwriters of the time Harry Nilsson's "One" (p5, 1969) Laura Nyro's "Eli's Coming" (p10, 1969) Randy Newman's "Mama Told Me (Not to Come)" (p1, 1970)

31 Grand Funk Railroad Formed in Flint Michigan in the late 1960s
The band was successful almost immediately On Time (p ) Their next nine albums were in the Billboard Top 10 We're an American Band (p2, 1973) Shinin On (p5, 1974) The single "Shinin On" (p11, 1974) "Some Kind of Wonderful" (p3, 1975) was their last hit

32 The Doobie Brothers Based in San Francisco with blues-rock style similar to Edgar Winter and Grand Funk Heavy rock guitars and drums 1960s black pop influenced vocals Knack for a good pop hook Producing rock songs that fit nicely into evolving FM radio formats

33 The Doobie Brothers Several hit albums and singles
Toulouse Street (p21, 1972) Contained the hit "Listen to the Music" (p11, 1972) The Captain and Me (p7, 1973) Contained "Long Train Runnin'" (p8, 1973) Also on that album: "China Grove" (p15, 1973) What Were Once Vices Are Now Habits (p4 uk19, 1974) Placed on the UK chart Included the single "Black Water" (p1 1974)

34 Aerosmith Comparable to the Rolling Stones
Lead singer Stephen Tyler similar in appearance and stage performance to Jagger of Rolling Stones… Guitarist Joe Perry's tough-guy demeanor paralleled that of Richards Gradually rose to consistent hit success Blues classic "Train Kept a Rollin'" More successful releases beginning in 1975 promoted FM radio airplay of earlier work Rocks (p3, 1976) Re-release of "Walk This Way" (p10, 1976)

35 Progressive rock: Big ideas and high ambition

36 The differences between blues-rock bands and progressive rock
The hippie aesthetic was applied to blues-rock bands Some bands blended in classical, folk, or country elements Others focused on virtuosic soloing influenced by blues and jazz Some engaged serious issues in their lyrics Progressive rock bands applied more techniques and concepts found in classical music Applied psychedelia in a more intellectual way Less (if any) emphasis on blues as a foundation of the songs

37 The differences between blues-rock bands and progressive rock
4. British progressive rock bands embraced the concept album Elaborate covers inspired by Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band Lyrics avoided romantic themes or sexual prowess 5. Lyrics for progressive rock were more philosophical Religion and spirituality Politics and power The forward march of technology Existential angst Continued the hippie aesthetic attitude that music should provide a "trip"

38 Moody Blues First success was the single "Go Now" (p10 uk1, 1965)
First classical music concept album: Days of Future Past (p3 uk27, 1967) It was composed as a song suite and incorporated orchestral interludes between songs… Their label, Decca, asked them to record a rock version of Dvorak's "New World Symphony" Purpose: Stereo demonstration record to sell Decca Stereo units Result: long suite connected by professionally arranged orchestral interludes “Nights in White Satin”

39 Procol Harum Also blended classical music with rock
"A Whiter Shade of Pale" (p5 uk1, 1967) Vocal part similar to Percy Sledge's "When a Man Loves a Woman" Harmonic progression drawn from a cantata by J. S. Bach Several successful albums Salty Dog (p32 uk27, 1969) Procol Harum in Concert (p5 uk48, 1972) Grand Hotel (p21, 1973)

40 The Who and their big projects
They experimented with adding classical music ideas to their music in the 1960s Two projects laid groundwork for Tommy (p4 uk2, 1969) "A Quick One While He's Away" from A Quick One (1966) "Rael" from The Who Sell Out (uk13, 1968)

41 Tommy Deaf, dumb, and blind boy Tommy gains spiritual enlightenment through playing pinball When Tommy is cured he's cast as a guru, with great wisdom Tells followers they must give up pot and drinking, mute their senses and play pinball Followers reject him and hard work he requires The message is that spiritual enlightenment is difficult to attain

42 Emerson, Lake and Palmer
Keith Emerson was the keyboardist for the Nice Known for elaborate stage presence Borrowed Jimi Hendrix's idea of breaking up (or seeming to) his instruments The Nice toured with the Jimi Hendrix Experience in the 1960s The Nice and King Crimson toured together in the United States during 1969 Emerson and Greg Lake decided to form their own band Added drummer Carl Palmer from Arthur Brown's band and became Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP)

43 Emerson, Lake and Palmer
They created profoundly creative albums, incorporating in reworked classical pieces They continued to be counted as one of the most successful bands of the 1970s Trilogy (p5 uk2, 1972) Brain Salad Surgery (p11 uk2, 1973) The King Crimson album In the Court of the Crimson King set the foundation for the style of other 1970s progressive rock bands…

44 Jethro Tull Started as a blues band with many personnel changes
Concept albums focused on religion and spirituality, bourgeoisie values, and life after death

45 Jethro Tull Aqualung (p7 uk4, 1971)…
Condemns society's treatment of the poor… A bitter indictment of the Church of England… Thick as a Brick (p1 1972) A setting of a poem by a fictitious child: "Little Milton" An attack on bourgeois values (including religion) A Passion Play (p1 uk13, 1973) Takes on the topic of life after death and reincarnation Thick as a Brick and A Passion Play are each one continuous track from start to finish There had to be a break in the middle to turn the record over All other albums were divided up into individual tracks

46 Yes Led by vocalist Jon Anderson
Concerned with spirituality inspired by Eastern religious ideas The third album, Fragile (p4 uk7, 1971), was the first by the band's definitive lineup Vocalist Jon Anderson… Guitarist Steve Howe Bassist Chris Squire Drummer Bill Bruford Flamboyant multi-keyboardist Rick Wakeman Most accomplished musicians of the time Howe, Squire, Wakeman, and Bruford consistently won awards for their playing

47 A look at Yes's use of classical concepts in a rock song: "Roundabout" from the Fragile album
A complex formal structure is made out of shorter familiar sections Compound AABA form that we saw in Led Zeppelin's "Whole Lotta Love"

48 Genesis Combined elements of theater with progressive rock arrangements Peter Gabriel: Vocals and theatrics… Phil Collins: Drums Michael Rutherford: Bass Tony Banks: Keyboards Band focused on lengthy, carefully worked out arrangements Gabriel spun bizarre stories that he acted out onstage Costumes and props were used Some costumes were so elaborate that Gabriel had difficulty singing into the mic

49 Genesis The albums were concept albums based on profound sociological scenarios Nursery Cryme (1971) contains a track called "The Musical Box" Gabriel portrays a reincarnated spirit that has aged seventy years Also factored in is seventy years of pent-up sexual frustration The feature track on Foxtrot (uk1, 1972) is the twenty-minute "Supper's Ready" Gabriel plays the role of the returning Messiah In live performance, Gabriel is lifted up off the stage with wires Continued the hippie aesthetic attitude that music should provide a "trip" The album The Lamb lies Down on Broadway (p41 uk10, 1974) features a main character named Rael Rael is wandering the land caught between death and rebirth

50 Pink Floyd The band continued the psychedelic era approach in the sounds of their albums Many of their lyrics dealt with mental illness and death, after leader Syd Barrett's mental illness caused him to leave Lyricist Waters often crafted lyrics around his father's death in WWII The band continued into the 1970s with a string of successful albums Umma Gumma (uk5, 1969) Atom Heart Mother (uk1, 1970) Meddle (uk3, 1971) These albums relied more on electronic effects than virtuosic playing

51 Pink Floyd Stage shows were very elaborate Stunning light shows
Additional theatrical elements like a crashing airplane or a giant inflatable flying pig The album they are most identified with is The Dark Side of the Moon (p1 uk2, 1973)… Songs from that album have been a staple of FM radio since the 1970s The album The Wall (p1 uk3, 1979) was another of their most successful projects… References to Waters's father's death can be found in the album

52 Progressive rock overview
Impressive lighting and prop effects during performances Rock musicians as virtuoso performers is a Characteristic that links progressive rock to Hendrix and Clapton Also links progressive rock to 1970s jazz rock Progressive rock extends the psychedelic era concepts of the 1960s Concept albums Rock operas Notion of addressing important and serious-minded issues Roots that extend as far back as the playlets of Leiber and Stoller Progressive rock remains most faithful to the hippie aesthetic

53 Jazz-rock fusion

54 Jazz and the studio musician
Clapton and Hendrix: extended improvisations were a central component of their live shows 1970s progressive rock musicians used classical music as a model for technical virtuosity Jazz also provided a model for many other musicians Musical prowess of jazz players has commanded respect for decades Jazz musicians had set high standards for musical and aesthetic excellence for decades Emphasis is on the solo in jazz

55 Miles Davis and jazz-rock fusion
Trumpeter Miles Davis had been at the forefront of jazz since the 1940s He noticed that Hendrix and Clapton used extended solos in their shows Their solos were not so different from jazz solos Rock audiences actually sat and listened to them Rock audiences were huge—stadiums and festivals Davis wanted to put music together that would work for large rock audiences He formed a band that could do the job and recorded Bitches Brew (p35, 1970) Guitarist John McLaughlin… Keyboardist Joseph Zawinul… Keyboardist Chick Corea… Keyboardist Herbie Hancoc…k Saxophonist Wayne Shorter… Bitches Brew was the first jazz-rock fusion album

56 Jazz-influenced rock

57 Frank Zappa Zappa spend his entire career on the fringes of popular music His style encompasses several diverse aspects Virtuosity Satire and humor Occasional bad taste Zappa began with his band the Mothers of Invention in 1966 We're Only in It for the Money (p30 uk32, 1968) was a send-up of Sgt. Pepper, a satirical song… Zappa frequently changed band members Had eight more Top 40 albums

58 Steely Dan Debut album in 1972 Can't Buy a Thrill (p 17, 1972) contained two hits "Do It Again" (p6, 1972) "Reelin' in the Years" (p 11, 1972) Personnel began shifting after the first album

59 Steely Dan Best example of this approach is the album Aja (p3 uk5, 1977)… Aja included three hit singles "Peg" (p11, 1977) "Deacon Blues" (p19, 1978) "Josie" (p26, 1978) Guitarist Lee Ritenour's solo was improvised. Everything else was written out All seven of Steely Dan's albums placed in the Top 40 They had ten Top 40 singles

60 Blood, Sweat, and Tears Al Kooper formed Blood, Sweat, and Tears
They were successful throughout the rest of the 1960s The next album, Blood, Sweat, & Tears (p1 uk15, 1969) contained three hit singles "You've Made Me So Very Happy" (p2 uk35, 1969) "Spinning Wheel" (p2, 1969) "And When I Die" (p2, 1969) The album won a Grammy Award

61 Blood, Sweat, and Tears Blood, Sweat & Tears 3 (p1 uk14, 1970)
Goffin and King's "Hi-De-Ho" (p14, 1970) "Lucretia MacEvil" (p29, 1970) was written by Clayton-Thomas The band featured a small horn section made up of permanent members incorporated jazz-rock horn sections… Made the horns more central to the arrangements incorporating jazz-rock horn sections incorporating jazz-rock horn sections

62 Chicago Also featured a horn section in the band
Chicago Transit Authority (p17 uk9, 1969) "Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?" (p7, 1970), vocals by keyboardist Robert Lamm Band mixed jazz arrangements with Beatles-influenced pop vocals and song elements

63 Chicago Bassist Peter Cetera has a voice that sounds similar to Paul McCartney's "If You Leave Me Now," (p1 uk1 1976), Cetera sings the lead vocal Thirteen Top 40 albums during the 1970s (five of them were Top 40 in the UK) Twenty-two Top 40 singles (three in the UK)

64 Jazz-rock fusion controversy
Jazz-rock fusion and progressive rock both ended up being invalidated by jazz and rock purists Many jazz traditionalists considered jazz-rock a sellout to the pop-music industry Rock purists thought jazz-rock was too concerned with instrumental virtuosity Both styles were a continuation of the hippie aesthetic: Freely blend styles and forms, and introduce new sounds Embrace the result of new blends as an advancement process The Punk rebellion joined jazz and rock purists in their attack on these styles

65 Glam rock and rock theater: Shocking characters

66 Setting the stage for rock musicians who act out a character onstage
Early influences come from Genesis and Pink Floyd Peter Gabriel used costumes and props to act out characters from songs Pink Floyd put on elaborate visual stage shows During the 1970s rock shows were held in stadiums and arenas Audiences came to expect more spectacle with the music Imaginary aspects had already been presented in the 1960s: Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was an album by an imaginary band The Doors' Jim Morrison assumed the role of the Lizard King on stage and in albums

67 Alice Cooper A band of tough-looking hard-drinking men with a front man named Alice Vocalist Vincent Furnier became Alice onstage Explored theatrical aspects of horror in their albums and shows a. live shows that drew on gruesome and ghoulish topics Cooper finished his shows with often gruesome antics He was hanged Executed in an electric chair Beheaded on a guillotine Jim Morrison befriended and influenced Cooper in the 1960s

68 Alice Cooper First commercial success came with Love It to Death (p35, 1971) "I'm Eighteen" (p21, 1971) on that album explored teenage depression and anger School's Out (p2 uk4, 1972), which contained the single "School's Out" (p7 ukl, 1972) Billion Dollar Babies (p1 uk1, 1973)

69 Kiss All four members of the band assumed individual character roles with makeup and costumes Their characters were based on cartoon-like comic book type figures They appeared on stage only in costume For years they kept their identities a secret—which added to the appeal and mystique Stage shows incorporated elaborate effects and spectacle Light shows Flames (as in circus fire-eater techniques) Explosions They skillfully used marketing opportunities to capitalize on its musical success

70 Kiss Albums were not as successful as their live stage shows
Kiss (p87, 1974) Hotter Than Hell (pl00, 1974) Dressed to Kill (p32, 1975) Live version of "Rock and Roll All Nite" ( p ) was a turning point The live album Alive (p9 uk49, 1976) bolstered their career Contained songs from earlier albums Earlier albums began to sell

71 David Bowie David Bowie was the only British glam star able to make a significant impact in the United States His first important success in the UK: the single "Space Oddity" (uk5, 1969) It eventually placed on U.S. charts (p15, 1973) In the early 1970s Bowie formed the Spiders from Mars He also created the character of Ziggy Stardust for an album:… The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (p75 uk5, 1972) watch?v=iYYRH4apXDo

72 David Bowie Bowie eventually rose to stardom in the United States
The album David Live (p8 uk2, 1974) American success continued with Young Americans (p9 uk2, 1975) That album contained the single "Fame" (p1 uk17, 1975) Station to Station (p3 uk5, 1976) solidified Bowie's stardom in America Similarities and the differences between David Bowie and Alice Cooper Both adopted a stage persona that was based in fantasy Both pushed the boundaries of sexual and gender identities Bowie changed characters with every album Cooper stayed with his Alice character throughout his career

73 Singer-songwriters

74 Roots are in folk music of the 1960s (particularly Dylan and late Beatles songs
Lyrics were meant to appear as though they were from personal experience… These artists were the antithesis of glam and theater rock artists Singer-songwriters were perceived as genuine observers of the human condition… Focus was on the singer-songwriter rather than elaborate instrumentation or performance… Not unusual to see a singer-songwriter alone at a piano or playing acoustic guitar The focus was the singer and the song

75 James Taylor One of the first artists signed to the Beatles' new Apple label. Sweet Baby James (p3 uk7, 1970) was recorded and released under a new label Contained the hit "Fire and Rain" (p3, 1970) 3. Taylor had a hit single with Carole King's "You've Got a Friend" (p1 uk4, 1971)

76 Carole King Moved from songwriter into the artist role in the 1970s
Became one of the most important female artists of the 1970s Several hit albums and singles from those albums Tapestry (p1 uk4, 1970) Contained "It's Too Late" (p1 uk6, 1971) Her own version of "You've Got a Friend" Music (p1 uk 18, 1972) Rhymes and Reason (p2 uk40, 1972)

77 Paul Simon Continued on as a solo singer-songwriter after a successful five years with partner Art Garfunkel Simon increasingly added jazz elements into his music during the 1970s Still Crazy after All These Years (p1 uk6, 1975) "50 Ways to Leave Your Lover" (p1 uk23, 1975) "Still Crazy After All These Years" exemplifies the mix of jazz into singer- songwriter style Sophisticated backup tracks are played by studio musicians The middle section features a jazz-tinged saxophone solo

78 Other important American singer-songwriters:
Carly Simon "That's the Way I Always Heard It Should Be" (p 10, 1971) "Anticipation" (p13, 1971) Her album No Secrets (p1 uk3; 1973) stands as the peak of her popular appeal Contains the single "You're So Vain" (p1 uk3, 1972) Backup vocals by Mick Jagger (the rumored "you" in the song)… Harry Chapin, had hits with philosophical songs about life's twists and turns "Taxi" (p24, 1972) "Cat's in the Cradle" (p 1, 1974)

79 Don McLean His song "American Pie" (p1 uk2, 1972) uses symbolism to describe rock music over time "Vincent" (p12 uk1, 1972) offers a portrait of the painter Vincent Van Gogh Jim Croce was killed in a plane crash in 1973 with a hit song on the charts at the time "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown" (p1, 1973) was that song "Time in a Bottle" (p 1, 1974) a reflection on the unwelcome approach of death Recorded months before the crash

80 British singer-songwriters
Van Morrison continued his 1960s success Blend of jazz and rhythm and blues: Moondance (p29, 1970) Tupelo Honey (p21, 1971) Cat Stevens First big hit single "Peace Train" (p7, 1971) A string of successful albums Teaser and the Firecat (p2 uk3, 1971) Catch Bull at Four (p 1 uk2, 1972) Buddha and the Chocolate Box (p2 uk3, 1974)

81 Elton John. First big hit single: "Your Song" (p8 uk7, 1971)
First singer/song writer to employ a rock band to accompany him… First big hit single: "Your Song" (p8 uk7, 1971) Elton John's songs are all written with lyricist Bernie Taupin The John-Taupin partnership reflects the Tin Pan Alley/Brill Building songwriting teams John formed a band in the early 1970s

82 Joni Mitchell Joni Mitchell came through the folk music scene in the 1960s Judy Collins recorded her song "Both Sides Now" (p8 uk14, 1968) One of the most eclectic songwriters in the 1970s Her biggest commercial success was Court and Spark (p2 uk14, 1974) Contained the single "Help Me" (p7) and) She explored esoteric jazz with Mingus (p 1 7 uk24, 1979)

83 Neil Young Young was a member of the Buffalo Springfield during the 1960s Also appeared occasionally with Crosby, Stills and Nash on albums and in concert Had a very successful solo career with several albums placing high on the charts Beginning with After the Gold Rush (p8 uk 7, 1970) Contained "Southern Man" Lynyrd Skynyrd answered it in the lyrics to "Sweet Home Alabama“… Greatest commercial and critical success with Harvest (p1 uk1, 1972) Contained the hit "Heart of Gold" (p1 uk1, 1972) Young's singing style differed from most other singer-songwriters at that time Young's voice is frequently thin, somewhat out of tune, and seemingly unsure These traits can be beneficial—suggesting an "everyman" quality

84 Gordon Lightfoot Known for more traditional approach to songwriting and singing style More closely aligned with folk music: Thoughtful lyrics Clear baritone voice Lightfoot had several hits in the 1970s "If You Could Read My Mind" (p5 uk30, 1971) "Sundown" (p1 uk33, 1974) "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" (p2 uk40, 1976)

85 Country rock

86 Why country rock Simple honesty
Country music has always presented itself as "down-home" music Reflecting on values and situations shared by people concerned about basic daily life issues Lyrics are built around direct concepts Music is easy to remember and learn In the late 1960s country rock was a reaction against the excesses of psychedelia… In addition to Nashville, Bakersfield, California became a destination for many rock musicians attempting to connect with the country side of the music business

87 Crosby, Stills, and Nash (csn)
Blended the folk rock of the Byrds with jazz, country, and blues David Crosby Steven Stills Graham Nash They got together and recorded Crosby Stills and Nash (p6 uk25, 1969) Neil Young joined them on the next album Deja Vu (pl uk5, 1970)… The following album was the live album, Four Way Street (p1 uk5, 1971) "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" (p21, 1969) was on that album Good example of the band's blend of a range of musical concepts Acoustic and electric instruments Close vocal harmony Catchy pop songwriting

88 The Band They worked with Dylan in Woodstock, New York, during the late 1960s They released a series of successful albums, including The band's first hit single was "Up on Cripple Creek" (p25, 1970) "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down" was on the B-side… The song tells the story of the fall of the south during the Civil War Uses country and folk styles

89 Creedence Clearwater Revival
1960s band from the San Francisco Bay area John and Tom Foggerty on guitars John Foggerty wrote most of the band's music Long string of hit singles and albums Beginning with the single "Suzie Q" (p11, 1968) "Proud Mary" (p2 uk8, 1969) "Bad Moon Rising" (p2 uk1, 1969) "Fortunate Son“ was a concept album similar to Sgt. Pepper The band became the title characters f. Includes songs that center on a central theme…

90 The Eagles One of These Nights (p1 uk8, 1975)
California became the home of country rock by the early 1970s The Eagles were the leading band in the style The Eagles brought several 1960s elements together The Eagles were a superb singing group Primary focus was on the song They wrote their own music Played on their own albums Kept close control of production Formed by members of Linda Ronstadt's band… The band left Ronstadt to form the Eagles One of These Nights (p1 uk8, 1975)

91 The Eagles They consistently placed albums in the top of the charts
Desperado (p41, 1973), a country-rock concept album about the Old West On the Border (p1 uk28, 1974) One of These Nights (p1 uk8, 1975) The band placed eight singles in the American Top 40 by 1975 including "Take It Easy" (p12, 1972) "Best of My Love" (p1, 1974) "One of These Nights" (p1, 1975) “Hotel California” 1976 Band abandoned its country rock sound to become even bigger rock stars

92 The Eagles' "Take It Easy" Opening with big, brilliant folk-rock electric guitar chords.. Another electric guitar enters imitating the sound of the country steel guitar… First verse begins with a mild western accent on the lead vocal Beatles/Beach Boys-influenced backup vocals enter The harmonies are set high in the male voice register… In the second verse, a high harmony is added

93 Overview of the first half of the 1970s
New styles developed out of styles present in the psychedelic era music There was an overall emphasis on combining styles Country rock Progressive rock combined classical music with rock Jazz rock combined those two styles The unifying factor is the hippie aesthetic Dedication to craft Musical ability Artistic approach to the creative process The result had to be enjoyable to listen to

94 Overview of the first half of the 1970s
Three things happened that brought on change in the middle of the 1970s: Multinational corporations got involved in the music business The punk movement began to form Disco put dancing back at the center of popular music


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