1. Nepal’s Initiative on Climate Resilient WASH Programming
SACOSAN 7 - Islamabad
Technical Session: WASH and Climate Change
12 April 2018

2. Outline Background Challenges on achieving WASH goals
Nepal’s Initiatives to climate sensitive programming
Way forward

3. NEPAL DISASTER CONTEXT - Facts & Figures
Global perspective:
Nepal as at high risk of humanitarian crises and disasters ranking it 32nd out of 191 countries (INFORM Global Risk Index 2018)
Globally Nepal ranks:
30th – landslides
30th - Floods
11th – Earthquakes
4th – Climate change
Kathmandu, 1 among 21 most vulnerable city in the world
Source: BCPR-(2004), New York, UNDP and Nepal disaster report 2016, geo-hazard international

5. Challenges on achieving WASH goals > 40% are dysfunctional
Water Supply and Quality Status
> 40% are dysfunctional

6. Challenges on achieving WASH goals .. (cont.)
Dysfunctional Water Supply Systems and its quality- SDGs goals
Reinvestment needs which could have be used for moving to development ladders
Delay in sanitation gains- ODF achievements
Vicious cycle of re-programming
Issues of WASH governance- service delivery level
Limited knowledge and skills on climate vulnerability and climate sensitive programming of WASH actors

7. Looking back - WASH recovery requirements from recent disasters
Recovery cost
What was affected
2014 flood
2.8 Million USD; about 28,000 people affected
514 tube wells and 144 Water supply schemes were damaged; 56 ODF VDCs affected
2015 Earthquake
181 millions USD; 2.7 Million people affected
11,288 water supply systems (partially and fully damaged), toilets (partially and fully damaged)
2016 Cholera outbreak
168 confirmed cases; about 50,000 people directly at risk
Entire Kathmandu valley people at risk
2017 Flood
20.9 Million USD, 1. 7 million people affected
1246 water supply schemes of 53 districts ( partially or fully damaged); 13,529 tubewells, 27,282 toilets partially or fully damaged- affecting ODF declarations

8. UNICEF’s Nepal initiatives with ‘climate sensitive’ program
4 key areas of work:
Generating evidence
Engaging children through child centered risk mapping
Building capacities of national and local authorities including WASH actors/community
Engaging with water user’s committee on climate risk assessments

9. Risk Assessments at 3 levels:
Engaging children - child centered risk mapping
Risk Assessments at 3 levels:
Community level
Children led Community risk mapping
Community led risk map
Village level
Local Disaster Risk Mgmt Plan (24)
District level
District Disaster Risk Mgmt plan (20)
Children are among the most vulnerable in both development
and emergency context and deserve special attention.

10. Climate Resilient WASH program in action…
VCA Mapping
Discussion in DRR action by child club
Community Consultation - risk assessment
of water schemes
School orientation on disaster risk reduction

11. Children’s street drama on hygiene promotion Discussion on use of IEC
Awareness raising in school by child club
Children’s street drama on hygiene promotion
Discussion on use of IEC

12. Orientation on school evacuation plan -saptari
School emergency plan in Saptari
Fire drill in school

13. Post flood recovery programs

14. Lessons learned
Mainstreaming DRR and climate risk into local government planning process, is critical for sustainability of sectoral development, but takes time
Multi-hazard risk mapping tool created by children and community – a strong advocacy tool for identification, prioritization and mitigation of the risk
Risk Mapping plus water quality testing can bring changes on children’s and community’s mind sets and behaviour change for action
Rather than seeing children as passive recipients of any program, we need to recognize children as capable of:
- Analyzing risk Communicating risks
- Mobilizing action and resources Developing innovative social networks
- Implementing small scale adaptation action

15. Way forward
Need to create a strong information system for every sector to create a baseline for climate trend analysis
Child centered risk mapping- for every schools and communities could support in triggering initiatives and behavior change
Maximizing benefits from federalism and decentralization – Advocacy vis-à-vis the local government officials, their capacity building and practical actions towards climate resilient programming
Knowledge and specific capacities to user committees needs to be scaled up
Formalization/allocation of climate and disaster funds to generate evidence and to support sectoral adaptation programs by national and local government
Going back to communities/children to look at actions followed post risk mapping

17. Group Work
Identify key recommendations on strategy, policy and sectoral planning, that all stakeholders in South Asia could engage in (10 min).
Prioritize 2 to 3 key actions that could be achieved in the next 2 years and recommended for inclusion in the SACOSAN 7 Declaration (5 min).