1. Introduction to 3D Art and Animation
Lesson F (week 6 and 7): Revising Character Models for Detail and Good Topology

2. Organic Modeling: Revision Notes 1
Revising Your Model: Once you have the rough overall form, save a copy and add detail. See the breakdown of each of these tasks in later slides:
The face needs eyelids/brows, nostrils, and geometry to round out the form. Extrude a pocket from the mouth interior and make eyes, teeth, and tongue separate objects.
Hair is usually made from a separated duplicate of the scalp mesh, which is Extruded out (and then Extruded down again from the bottom, if the hair is meant to be long). Then MultiCut details for larger hair forms (think of hair like sculpting mashed potatos).
Clothing needs breaks (where one item bulges/overflows over another, like a tucked shirt over pants or pant cuffs over shoes), big folds, and seams.
Chest-arms-fingers typically get a new horizontal line across them all, resulting in 8-sided arms and 6-sided fingers.
The fingers need detailed joints and the elbows and knees need more divisions to make smooth deformation in those areas.
Big clothing details like collars, belts, pockets, etc. need to be cut and extruded.
Chest and back get at least one new vertical line, up from the undercarriage, to round out the form. Usually, we want a few more to come up the legs and bottom/top of the arms.

3. Organic Modeling: Revision Notes 2
REMEMBER: Every detail needs at least TWO LINES, with one pulled out, for the detail to be visible.
Consider a shirt sleeve, which needs a loop for the edge of the cloth end and a smaller loop for where skin emerges out from under it.
You may want that transition from cloth to skin to be visible even after you hit [3] for Display-Smoothing. To do so, this pair of key form-lines each needs to have a very nearby-twin to create a hard edge in the Display-Smoothing, and not appear “melted.”
MIROR: When revising, it is often helpful to have an instance mirror of your half-mesh to check your dimensions. The character should be standing at the world center in the Front and Side viewports (you can also move the Image Plane so they still line up). The pivot should be at 0/0/0. Edit > Duplicate Special, choose Instance and set the first Scale value (X) = -1. Hit [Apply].

4. Organic Modeling: Revision Notes 3
Three main considerations for good Organic Surface Topology: 1. SMOOTH EDGE LOOPS: For good animation deformation, cut curves around the form to imitate muscle groups, like the ovals around eyes and mouth, and circles down limbs.
2. EVEN TESSELLATION: Keep relatively even-spacing between loops, especially on limbs and torso. Joints and face will have higher tessellation-- denser line spacing.
3. QUADS: Keep all shapes 4-sided. More than 4 sides is bad for animation and rendering, as Maya will decide randomly where to put invisible edges. Tris/3-sides are OK in a pinch, but quads permit quick selection tools and get better joint deformation.

5. Organic Modeling: Revision Notes 4
Organic Polygon Clean-Up Tricks:
TURN TO CENTER: The face will have a higher density than the torso. Rather than populate an edge loop down the entire form, MultiCut turns from neck to the center.
BREAK A CORNER: If an Edge Loop needs to make a turn through a quad, MultiCut a line to the opposite corner to make that quad into 3 quads.
DOUBLE TRIANGLE: Two triangles touching at one point can easily become two quads: MultiCut across one adjacent side between them, Edit Mesh > Collapse the new line.

6. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): FACE
1. The face needs eyelids/brows, nostrils, and geometry to round out the form. Extrude a pocket from the mouth interior and make eyes, teeth, and tongue separate objects.

7. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): HAIR
2. Hair is usually made from a separated duplicate of the scalp mesh, which is Extruded out (and then Extruded down again from the bottom, if the hair is meant to be long). Then MultiCut details for larger hair forms (think of hair like sculpting mashed potatos).

8. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): CLOTHING DRAPE AND FOLD
3. Clothing needs breaks (where one item bulges/overflows over another, like a tucked shirt over pants or pant cuffs over shoes), big folds, and seams.

9. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): CONNECT LINE CHEST-TO-FINGER
4. Chest-arms-fingers typically get a new horizontal line across them all, resulting in 8-sided arms and 6-sided fingers.

10. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): FINGER DETAILS:
5. The fingers need detailed joints and the elbows and knees need more divisions to make smooth deformation in those areas.

11. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): CLOTHING FORMS:
6. Big clothing details like collars, belts, pockets, etc. need to be cut and extruded.

12. Organic Modeling: Revisions
Revising Your Model: Add details (in no particular order): CHEST AND BACK VERTICAL LINES
7. Chest and back get at least one new vertical line, up from the undercarriage, to round out the form. Usually, we want a few more to come up the legs and bottom/top of the arms.

13. Delete History and Saving
As with all Maya modeling, please DELETE YOUR HISTORY every hour or two, and certainly before you save and close for the day to upload your work.
To guard against crashes and loss of work, please Save and Save As a new file every hour (so you can never lose more than an hour’s work): YourName_Character01.mb, YourName_Character02.mb, etc.
Save your work to an online repository every day (Dropbox.com, Google drive) so you have a backup in case your computer fails.