1. THE BATTLE OF SOMME
By: Ella Gibson, Cindy Xiao, Tina Feng, Bethany Quevedo, and Makenna Page

2. THE BATTLE(S) July 1, 1916 - November 18, 1916
Location: Around the river Somme. Near Picardy, France in the north.
French and British vs. Germans
French and British only gained six miles from this war.

3. https://upload. wikimedia

4. STRATEGIES
British:
July 1st: a combined Franco-British offensive across the Somme, followed by a smaller British attack
They blew up German mines, while not keeping it a secret
Encouraged the allies to push back the Germans
German:
Use of heavy artillery, especially at Verdun
Put much more emphasis on the physiological effect of war

5. Who Was Involved-Britain
Douglas Haig and Henry Rawlinson
Planned the British attack
Haig:
Held supreme command
Believed in an all-out military offense
Rawlinson:
Desired a limited infantry offense

6. Who Was Involved-France
General Foch
Head of the French Army
Commanded troops in the Battle of Somme
Coordinated French and British efforts into a
coherent whole

7. Who Was Involved-Germany
Max von Gallwitz
Joined the Prussian Army during the Franco - Prussian War
German general
Served on the Eastern and Western fronts
Commanded troops during the Battle of Somme

8. WHO WON The outcome was HIGHLY debated!
French and Britain lost 620,000
Germany lost 500,000
Douglas Haig, 3 goals:
Relieve Verdun
Subdue Germany
Weaken opposition

9. WHO WON- WHY?
Haig: “Any one of these three results is in itself sufficient to justify the Somme battle.”
However, the slaughter of so many was not worth the SIX miles gained during the battle.
(That is 186,667 people per MILE.)

10. Effects on Europe First time aircraft/tanks were used
Aircraft weren’t strong enough to drop bombs, but were used for scouting
Tanks were used, but not very effectively
Pushed back the Germans from France
Set example for further use in battles
Broke down the German Army's morale and inflicted massive casualties that they struggled to overcome

11. Effect on Public’s View on War
Patriotism!
People were eager to join the war because of this
Changed many people’s view on war into horror as they saw the reality of battles
The press used propaganda to manipulate people’s thoughts

12. Works Cited
SCOTT, FREDERICK GEORGE, and Mark G. McGowan. The Great War as I Saw It. McGill-Queen's University Press,
2014,
"Somme, Battles of The, 1916." The Encyclopaedia Britannica ed. Vol. 20. Chicago: U of Chicago, Print.
"Douglas Haig." World History: The Modern Era, ABC-CLIO, 2017, worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/
Accessed 9 Feb.
2017.
"Consequences." The Battle of the Somme. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Feb
"Battle of the Somme Ends." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 09 Feb.
“The Effect of Battle of the Somme on British Attitudes Towards the War." The Effect of Battle of the Somme on British
Attitudes Towards the War :: Papers. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Feb
History.com Staff. "Battle of the Somme." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 10 Feb
"Firstworldwar.com." First World War.com - Battles - The Battle of the Somme, N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Feb