1. English dialect typology
Melchers and Shaw p.16:
Trudgill and Hannah 1982:
‘English-based’: England, Wales, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
‘American-based’: USA and Canada
‘Scottish-based’: Scotland and N. Ireland
‘Irish-based’: Ireland

2. Wells - typology Melchers and Shaw p.17: England & S.H. Ireland
America
Scotland

3. 4 1 3 2

4. Wells - typology
Wells p. 181

5. Wells - typology
The four part-systems (RP)
Lax
vowels
Tense
vowels

6. 1

7. Wells - typology
Wells p. 182:
Type I: Most conservative. No centring diphthongs; vowels from B-system used before r. Vowel-length is important.
Provincial southern Irish English;
also Jamaica and Barbados

8. 2

9. Wells - typology
Wells p. 182:
Type II: augmented D-system because of R-Dropping. Vowel length.
Most accents of England and Wales including RP;
Southern Hemisphere accents

10. 3

11. Wells - typology
Wells p. 182:
Type III. No centring diphthongs: vowels from A-stem before r. Vowel-length unimportant; LOT belongs to D.
American mainland accents:
GenAm and Canada

12. 4

13. Wells - typology
Wells p. 182:
Type IV. Different system of vowel-length. TRAP and LOT are in D, FOOT is in C. No R-Dropping; no centring diphthongs
Scotland and N.Ireland

14. 4 1 3 2

15. I. Ireland
II. England and S. Hem
III. N. America
IV Scotland