1. Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
Cell Reproduction

2. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

3. Why do animals shed their skin?

4. Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction:. 1. Growth
Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: Growth Repair Replacement
Skin cancer
the abnormal growth of skin cells
most often develops on skin exposed to the sun
Cell that reproduce by asexual reproduction reproduce constantly.

5. Genetic material of eukaryotic cells is organized in chromosomes.
DNA- a double helix shaped molecule. The molecule is wrapped around proteins like thread around a spool and compacted into structures called chromosomes.
Chromosomes- right before division of the cell, the chromosomes duplicate themselves and are held together. This is called chromatid, which is held together by a centromere.

6. Some Definitions
Somatic Cells – Greek translated sōma - body cells, has 46 chromosomes
Gametic Cell (Greek translated gamete = wife, gametes = husband), sex cells (sperm and egg) Has 23 chromosomes
Haploid – total of 23 chromosomes in people, gametes (sperm & egg)
Diploid – total of 46 chromosomes in people – zygote & somatic cells

7. Mitosis
happens in all cells
a cell division process that produces two daughter cells with the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell
5 major stages

8. Interphase occurs before mitosis begins
Chromosomes are copied(# doubles)
Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy (chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase.
chromatid
CELL MEMBRANE
Nucleus
Centromere
Cytoplasm

9. Interphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
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10. Prophase Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide).
Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell.
Spindle Fibers form between the poles.
Centrioles
Sister chromatids
Spindle fibers

11. Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles
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12. Metaphase
Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers

13. Metaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

14. Anaphase
Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers

15. Anaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

16. Telophase Two new nuclei form.
Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods). rods).
Mitosis ends.
Nucleus
Nucleus
Chromatin

17. Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell
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18. Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis
Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.

19. Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             

20. Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             

21. Animated Mitosis Cycle
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase & Cytokinesis

22. IPMATC Interphase: Interesting Prophase: People Metaphase: Make
Anaphase: A
Telephase: Terrific
Cytokinesis: Conversation

23. The Cell Cycle
The sequence of growth and division of a cell
95% of cell cycle is spent in interphase.
5% of cell cycle in is spent in mitosis.

24. The Cell Cycle Interphase (most of the cell’s life)
Growth Stage 1 (G1) – metabolic activity of the cell
Synthesis Stage (S) – replication of DNA
Growth Stage 2 (G2) –prepares for division
Mitosis Stage (M) – cell division

25. Cell Cycle

26. United Streaming - Mitosis and Meiosis 14 min.

27. - Cell Division
The Cell Cycle 28