1. University and Apprenticeships Informed or confused?

2. Overview The labour market and why higher level qualifications matter
The IAG Challenge
Confusion Reigns?
Demand v supply
New developments
Key messages for young people

3. Towards full employment?
Some growth factors:
Impact of Brexit on 55,000 EU NHS workers
22% of workers in the Construction sector are aged 50+
Government housebuilding policy will further increase demand

4. But only for the highly qualified?
UK Commission for Employment and Skills “Working Futures: 2014 to 2024 Report: March 2016

5. And ultimately…
“In the next decade AI will outperform humans in tasks such as translating languages (by 2024), writing high-school essays (by 2026) and driving a truck (by 2027).
However, robots will take longer to perform better than humans in jobs such as working in retail (by 2031), writing a bestselling book (by 2049) and working as a surgeon (by 2053).”
University of Oxford’s Future of Humanity Institute: 2017 

6. Redefining work? Robots are smart, but still not very good at:
Creativity, empathy, critical thinking, leadership, and artistic expression
Work will change:
Some industries are more likely to employ people, others robots, but all will need some kind of mix.
Qualifications and soft skills will be increasingly important
“Universal wage” and the end of most transactional, paid employment is a real possibility within the lifetime of today’s young people

7. The IAG Challenge

8. Young People Overwhelmed
Online career advice is challenging to navigate.
Dispersed across multiple sites
Different information in different ways
Information available but inaccessible. 
Knowledge and awareness of careers often low, outdated or inaccurate
Aspirations do not align with the future job market. 
Limited understanding of the breadth of jobs market
Low awareness of the range of careers in new / emerging industries
Aspirations often based on parents and teachers experiences
‘Moments of choice’ approach can narrow pathways and options. 
“Moments of inspiration’ build understanding of career options
“Cold v hot” information
Focus on long-term directions, salary and qualification requirements 
Need for information to develop a understanding of what a job would be like for me.
Behavioural Insights Team for Careers Enterprise Company: August 2016

9. Schools and Colleges Overwhelmed
School based provision (underpinned by the statutory guidance)
Local authority targeted services
NCS (Inspiration agenda)
Careers & Enterprise Company
Jobcentre Plus in schools
HEFCE & Offa
Information sources e.g. UCAS & NAS
LEPs
Charities

10. Back to basics What are the opportunities for young people NOW?
Supply of higher education and apprenticeships
The real cost of higher education
Comparing quality and learner experiences
What does “success” look like?
Securing their pathway

11. Supply: Apprenticeships
Largely static, despite significant investment.
Most growth in 25+ adult participation

12. Predominantly <L3 but L4+ growing
Apprenticeship Starts in England
Under 19
19 to 24
25+
Total
% change since 2014
Intermediate Apprenticeship (GCSE Level)
140,100
164,700
208,700
513,600
-1%
Advanced Apprenticeship
(A Level)
67,800
144,900
155,800
368,600
+5.5%
Higher Apprenticeships (L4+)
2,400
11,000
30,500
43,800
+47.5%
SFA / BIS October 2017
BUT
68% of post 16 apprentices on Level 2 apprenticeships
98% of post 18 apprentices on Level 3 or lower apprenticeships
Social Mobility Commission: March 2016

13. 3,000,000 apprentices?
“Only 15% of apprentices taken on since May of this year have been aged 16 to 18”
Association of Employment and Learning Providers: Sept 2017
“In light of the 61% fall in apprenticeship starts since May 2017 compared to the previous year, is additional training required to provide careers guidance staff with an understanding of labour market needs and the ability to negotiate with employers?”
Westminster Employment Forum November 2017
“This disappointing data will come as no surprise to companies, who have repeatedly made clear that the current design of the apprenticeship levy system is not effective.”
Neil Carberry, CBI Oct 2017

14. On the Find an Apprenticeship website 15th November 2017
Within 30 Miles of the NEC
Degree Apprenticeships 5
High Apprenticeships 19
Advanced Apprenticeships 416
Intermediate Apprenticeships 1,299

15. Supply: Degrees In 2016 UCAS recorded:
238,900 acceptances from UK 18 year olds, (+1.5%) on % of all 18 yr olds
92,200 acceptances from UK 19 year olds (+ 0.5%) on % of all 19 yr olds
Young women 35% more likely to enter than young men
Young people for disadvantaged areas 73% more likely to enter than In 2006
UCAS End of Cycle Report 2016:

16. Put simply
In 2015/16:
For every 18/19 year old starting a higher or degree apprenticeship 25 started a degree programme
0.009% of 18/19 year olds entered higher and degree apprenticeships compared to 43% entering higher education
Is this a function of demand or supply?

17. What happens next?
About 67% of Apprentices complete and achieve their qualification
81.7%
About 82% of undergraduates complete and achieve their 1st degree
16%
2.3%
DfE/SFA Jan 2017
HESA Destinations of Leavers from Higher Education 2017 (3 .5 years after graduation)

18. The true cost of university
Income each year before tax
Income from which 9% will be deducted
Approximate Monthly Repayment
£21,000 £0
£25,000
£30,000
£5,000
£37.50
£35,000
£10,000
£75
£40,000
£15,000
£112.50
£45,000
£20,000
£150
£50,000
£187.50
£60,000
£262.50 !
Any outstanding loan wiped 30 years after entering repayment. !
83% of graduates will never pay it all back!*
Based on latest policy announcements re £25,000 repayment threshold
*Institute of Fiscal Studies Oct 17

19. For the average graduate…
Average salary 3 ½ years after graduating = £27,000*
Student Loan Repayment =
£15 per month
£3.46 a week!**
* HESA 2016/17 Destinations of Leavers from Higher Education Longitudinal Survey
**Based on latest policy announcements re £25,000 repayment threshold

20. Earning Premiums for Both…
Apprenticeships
£48k to £74k for level 2* apprenticeships (*GCSE level)
£77k and £117k for level 3 apprenticeships (*A level)
Level 4 or above “could earn £150k more on average over their lifetime” 2
Degrees
Average £108k
Males £121k
Females £82k
Medicine / Dentistry £403k
Law £215k
Engineering £157k
Education £89k
Returns to Higher Education Qualifications: BIS 2011
1 London Economics (2011) – BIS Research Paper Number 53, Returns to Intermediate and Low Level Vocational Qualifications 2 AAT and CEBR (2013) University education – is this the best route into employment?

21. Degree Apprenticeship Development Fund
Some good news?
HEFCE
Degree Apprenticeship Development Fund
£9.4 million to fast track developments
9,700 new Degree Apprenticeships
On stream by September 2018
Interactive map and list of providers / sectors

22. Other Options at 18 / 19 DEGREES WITH SPONSORSHIP
e.g. Whitworth Scholarships: £5,000pa for any Engineering discipline
UNIVERSITY/EMPLOYER PARTNERSHIP DEGREES
e.g. National Aston (Electrical Power Engineering); £24K + car
SALARIED SCHOOL-LEAVER PROGRAMMES
e.g. Rolls-Royce: Accounting Technician; A/B in relevant subject £12,700
Apply direct to employer for most
Tough entry requirements/ highly competitive
Very demanding mix of work and study
Commitment required…they pay…you work for them!

23. Key Messages for Young People
University
Apprenticeship
Pros
Vast amount of information
Wide choice of unis and courses
Plenty of places available
Single point of application
Range of entry requirements
Student life / experience
Access to bursaries for some
Can keep many career options open
Cons
Fees and living costs = high theoretical debt
Most student work PT to earn extra
Pros
No fees
A salary
Highly vocational
Built-in employer involvement
Good employment prospects
Cons
Lack of information
Limited availability (esp L4+)
Complex application
Highly competitive
No access to loans system
Need clear career in mind
Demanding job / study commitment

24. CHOOSING COURSES / UNIS
search.ucas.com
bestcourse4me.com
unistats.direct.gov.uk
university.which.co.uk
Plus
ukcoursefinder.com
universitycompare.org
whatuni.com
for open days, taster events etc.

25. WEBSITES FOR JOBS, EMPLOYER SCHEMES & APPRENTICESHIPS
gov.uk/apply-apprenticeship
allaboutschoolleavers.co.uk
notgoingtouni.com
schoolleaverjobs.co.uk

26. Single Point of Contact for the region’s HE providers’ Outreach
“Moments inspiration” plus activities help improve attainment
Aligns with Pupil Premium and CEIAG Duties

27. Questions
Thank you
@aimhigherwm