1. Pre-Revolutionary Mexico
’s marked by political instability
Went from monarchy to republic to caudillo rule
Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana (left) dominates politics prior to 1850
Church remains influential
Owns almost 50% of all productive land in Mexico
Nationalism grew after Mexican-American War

2. The U. S. and Texas considered the Rio Grande as the Southern border
The U.S. and Texas considered the Rio Grande as the Southern border. For Mexico it was the Nueces
Area in Dispute
Nueces River
8.6 D  The students will explain the major issues and events of the Mexican War and their impact on the United States
Rio Grande River

4. Pre-Revolutionary Mexico
=Liberal mestizo Benito Juarez
First Mexican ruler without a military background
Instituted La Reforma=Focus on land redistribution to improve the condition of natives
Confiscates church lands
Inadvertently created HUGE Haciendas
Most of Mexico’s peasants were landless by 1900
Creates a backlash from Mexican conservatives

5. Pre-Revolutionary Mexico
=Conservative Leaders Porfirio Diaz
Industrialized Mexico with foreign capital, resources and technology
Only wealthy benefited
Oppressed and exploited Indian and Mestizos
Built railroads
Improved banking system
Focused on oil & mining

6. Pre-Revolutionary Mexico
U.S. and European companies and government exerted political, economic, and cultural influence on Mexico
Called Neo-Colonialism or Economic Imperialism
Led to wealth leaving

7. Lead up to Revolution
In order to develop industrialization Russian workers and peasants suffered:
Worst working conditions & pay in industrialized world
Little to no political and union rights
Russia were humiliated when they lost to Japan in the Russo-Japanese War
Weakened and delegitimized tsarist rule

8. Lead up to Revolution
Bloody Sunday=Protesting workers killed by Tsar’s army
Tsar also carried out frequent attacks against to Siberians and Jews as they were “non-Russians”

9. Lead up to Revolution Tsar attempted some reluctant reforms:
Granted a constitution
Legalized trade unions and political parties
Permitted created national assembly (the Duma)
Censorship eased
Plans for universal primary education
Workers went on strike and created their own representative councils called soviets to represent their interests
Russia was devastated by their participation in WWI

11. Lead up to Revolution
A soviet took over the capital of St. Petersburg and Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his thrown
Liberals ran government for 8 months before being replaced by the more radical Bolsheviks Communist party