1. Cell Structure & Function

2. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

3. Definition of Cell
A Cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

4. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

5. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic

6. Prokaryotic Cells Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

7. Eukaryotic Cells Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

8. “Typical” Animal Cell

9. “Typical” Plant Cell

10. Cell Organelles

11. Cell Organelles Organelle= “little organ”
Found inside eukaryotic cells ONLY

12. Cell Membrane Double layered boundary of the cell
Outer membrane of cell that:
holds the cell together
controls movement in and out of the cell
Found in both Plant and Animal Cells
Key Term:
Semi-permeable
Acts like a filter or screen
- some things pass through,
others cannot

13. Cell Wall Found in Plant and Bacterial cells Rigid, protective barrier
Located outside of the cell membrane
This is an actual microscopic image. Colors are added digitally to enhance the different parts.

14. Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid that fills the cell
Surrounded by cell membrane
Constantly moving around the cell
Contains all of the cell’s organelles

15. Nucleus Control Center of the Cell Contains DNA
The easiest organelle to see under a microscope
Usually one per cell

16. Mitochondria “Powerhouse of the cell”
Makes Energy for the cell through the process of Cellular Respiration
Has its own type of DNA

17. Chloroplast Found only in plant cells
Contains the green pigment chlorophyll
The place where Photosynthesis is performed.
Site of food/sugar (glucose) production

18. Vacuoles Large central vacuole usually in plant cells
Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells
Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc.

19. Endoplasmic Reticulum
A.k.a. “ER”
Transports materials throughout the cell
“Highway of the cell”
2 Types:
Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins
Smooth ER: does not have ribosomes

20. Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
What does E.R. stand for?

21. Enjoy these photos and diagrams of the
cell organelles!

22. This bacteria cell has no membrane-bound nucleus but has a CELL WALL

23. ER!

26. …the Cell Wall

28. The green bubbles are the Chloroplasts filled with Chlorophyll

30. Mitochondria!

32. The nucleus with other structures…