1. SBCC Strategy Development: Innovations & Common Pitfalls

2. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?

3. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT

4. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT
National Malaria Strategic Plan answers WHAT

5. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT
National Malaria Strategic Plan answers WHAT
Example 1: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective
“To increase to 90% the number of pregnant women who took three doses of SP during their last pregnancy by 2020”

6. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT
National Malaria Strategic Plan answers WHAT
Example 1: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective
“To increase to 90% the number of pregnant women who took three doses of SP during their last pregnancy by 2020” – WHAT

7. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT
National Malaria Strategic Plan answers WHAT
Example 1: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective
“To increase to 90% the number of pregnant women who took three doses of SP during their last pregnancy by 2020” – WHAT
“To dispel the cultural reluctance to disclose pregnancy”

8. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Describes the HOW not only the WHAT
National Malaria Strategic Plan answers WHAT
Example 1: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective
“To increase to 90% the number of pregnant women who took three doses of SP during their last pregnancy by 2020” – WHAT
“To dispel the cultural reluctance to disclose pregnancy” - HOW

9. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Example 2: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective “To increase by 20% the proportion of people who consistently sleep under, and care for their LLIN by 2020”

10. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Example 2: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective “To increase by 20% the proportion of people who consistently sleep under, and care for their LLIN by 2020” “To increase the proportion of people who initiate inter-household discussion about the protective effects of LLINs”

11. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
Example 2: National Malaria Strategic Plan objective “To increase by 20% the proportion of people who consistently sleep under, and care for their LLIN by 2020” - WHAT “To increase the proportion of people who initiate inter-household discussion about the protective effects of LLINs” -HOW

12. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?

13. What is the purpose of a malaria SBCC strategy?
To be used.

14. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use

15. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information

16. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information
Does your country have different SBCC approaches for different epidemiology zones? If not, does this really need to be included? Was this already covered in the National Malaria Strategic Plan?

17. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information
Does your country have different SBCC approaches for different epidemiology zones? If not, does this really need to be included? Was this already covered in the National Malaria Strategic Plan?
Does your country’s malaria situation section describe not only what people are doing, but data that describes reasons WHY?

18. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information
Does your country have different SBCC approaches for different epidemiology zones? If not, does this really need to be included? Was this already covered in the National Malaria Strategic Plan?
Does your country’s malaria situation section describe not only what people are doing, but data that describes reasons WHY?
Lack of standard vocabulary

19. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information
Does your country have different SBCC approaches for different epidemiology zones? If not, does this really need to be included? Was this already covered in the National Malaria Strategic Plan?
Does your country’s malaria situation section describe not only what people are doing, but data that describes reasons WHY?
Lack of standard vocabulary
Use of the terms communication objective, behavior objective, desired action appear to be used interchangeably

20. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
What is the difference between your communication objectives and your behavior objectives?

21. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
What is the difference between your communication objectives and your behavior objectives?
If they are the same, why are they listed separately?
Example 1: (Actual example)
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of pregnant women who attend early ANC”
Behavior objective “Pregnant women are able to attend ANC services early and get appropriate services on time”

22. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
What is the difference between your communication objectives and your behavior objectives?
If they are the same, why are they listed separately?
Example 1: (Actual example)
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of pregnant women who attend early ANC” - WHAT
Behavior objective “Pregnant women are able to attend ANC services early and get appropriate services on time” - WHAT

23. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
What is the difference between your communication objectives and your behavior objectives?
If they are the same, why are they listed separately?
Example 1: (Actual example)
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of service providers who feel it is important to welcome patients warmly and explain the benefits of IPTp” - HOW
Behavior objective “Pregnant women are able to attend ANC services early and get appropriate services on time” - WHAT

24. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Example 2: (Actual example)
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of health care providers who provide quality client counseling”
Behavior objective “Health care providers are able to conduct better counselling skills”

25. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Example 2: (Actual example)
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of health care providers who provide quality client counseling” - WHAT
Behavior objective “Health care providers are able to conduct better counselling skills” - WHAT

26. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Example 2:
Communication objective “Increase the proportion of health care providers who express confidence in their ability to explain the benefits of IPTp” - HOW
Behavior objective “Health care providers are able to conduct better counselling skills” - WHAT

27. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES
HOW do you plan to change behavior?
Awareness
Attitudes
Motivation
Social norms
Enabling environment
BEHAVIOR OBJECTIVES
WHAT behaviors do you plan to change?
LLIN use
IPTp uptake
Demand for RDTs
Prompt-treatment seeking
IRS acceptance

28. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES
HOW do you plan to change behavior?
Awareness
Attitudes
Motivation
Social norms
Enabling environment
INTERMEDIATE INDICATORS
BEHAVIOR OBJECTIVES
WHAT behaviors do you plan to change?
LLIN use
IPTp uptake
Demand for RDTs
Prompt-treatment seeking
IRS acceptance
OUTCOME INDICATORS

29. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
OFTEN MISSING
COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES
HOW do you plan to change behavior?
Awareness
Attitudes
Motivation
Social norms
Enabling environment
INTERMEDIATE INDICATORS
BEHAVIOR OBJECTIVES
WHAT behaviors do you plan to change?
LLIN use
IPTp uptake
Demand for RDTs
Prompt-treatment seeking
IRS acceptance
OUTCOME INDICATORS

30. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
OFTEN MISSING
ALWAYS PRESENT
COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES
HOW do you plan to change behavior?
Awareness
Attitudes
Motivation
Social norms
Enabling environment
INTERMEDIATE INDICATORS
BEHAVIOR OBJECTIVES
WHAT behaviors do you plan to change?
LLIN use
IPTp uptake
Demand for RDTs
Prompt-treatment seeking
IRS acceptance
OUTCOME INDICATORS

31. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Length & complexity- often the result of irrelevant information
Does your country have different SBCC approaches for different epidemiology zones? If not, does this really need to be included? Was this already covered in the National Malaria Strategic Plan?
Does your country’s malaria situation section describe not only what people are doing, but data that describes reasons WHY?
Lack of standard vocabulary
Use of the terms communication objective, behavior objective, desired action appear to be used interchangeably
Lack of documented evidence-based decision making

32. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Lack of evidence-based decision making
MIS
DHS
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
KAP

33. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Lack of evidence-based decision making
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
Opinions
DHS
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
KAP

34. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Lack of evidence-based decision making
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
Opinions
DHS
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
Country-specific, effective SBCC Malaria Strategy
KAP
Data-driven decisions

35. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
KAP

36. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Stakeholder: “Caregivers delay seeking
testing & treatment, we must create awareness
of modes of malaria transmission!”
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
KAP

37. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Stakeholder: “Caregivers delay seeking
testing & treatment, we must create awareness
of modes of malaria transmission!”
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
KAP
Low perceived severity
of malaria

38. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Stakeholder: “Caregivers delay seeking
testing & treatment, we must create awareness
of modes of malaria transmission!”
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
Country-specific, effective SBCC Malaria Strategy
KAP
Low perceived severity
of malaria
Stakeholder: “Caregivers don’t
Believe malaria is dangerous,
we must raise perceived severity!”

39. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Stakeholder: “Caregivers delay seeking
testing & treatment, we must create awareness
of modes of malaria transmission!”
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
Without formative research (beyond MIS/DHS) how would you know about perceived severity?
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
Country-specific, effective SBCC Malaria Strategy
KAP
Low perceived severity
of malaria
Stakeholder: “Caregivers don’t
Believe malaria is dangerous,
we must raise perceived severity!”

40. Common pitfalls that make strategies difficult to use
Stakeholder: “Caregivers delay seeking
testing & treatment, we must create awareness
of modes of malaria transmission!”
Generic, likely ineffective SBCC Malaria Strategy
MIS
High awareness of
Malaria transmission
DHS
Low prompt-treatment
seeking
What if you included a question about perceived severity to your MIS?
Stakeholder meeting
MICS
Country-specific, effective SBCC Malaria Strategy
KAP
Low perceived severity
of malaria
Stakeholder: “Caregivers don’t
believe malaria is dangerous,
we must raise perceived severity!”

41. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
Epidemiological zones with concrete SBCC approaches for each
Regional advocacy for malaria SBCC resources

43. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
Elimination focus
Developing a malaria elimination approach with few recent examples to work from
COMBI (HIC-DARM model)
Describes behavior maintenance

45. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
COMBI (HIC-DARM model)
Communication for behavioral impact
Emergency response

46. Planning, implementing & monitoring, and evaluation
COMBI (3 phases, 15 steps)
Planning, implementing & monitoring, and evaluation
1. Assemble a multidisciplinary planning team
9. Establish a monitoring system
2. State preliminary behavioral objectives
10. Strengthen staff skills
3. Plan and conduct formative research
11. Set up a system to manage and share information
4. Invite feedback on formative research
12. Structure your program
5. Analyze, prioritize, and finalize behavioral objectives
13. Write a Strategic Implementation Plan
6. Segment target groups
14. Determine your budget
7. Develop your strategy
15. Conduct a pilot test and revise your Strategic Implementation Plan
8. Pre-test behaviors, messages, and materials

47. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
Time-based objectives
Malaria SBCC Strategy calls for 85% of health workers to comply with malaria in pregnancy guidelines

49. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
Malaria BCC Indicator Reference Guide communication objectives
Data-based communication objectives

51. Innovations in Malaria SBCC Strategies
Primary, secondary, and tertiary audiences, with communication and behavior objectives for each
Implementation plan

54. Strategy Development Discussion
How do you create a document that state or district level personnel can use?

55. Strategy Development Discussion
How do you create a document that state or district level personnel can use?
What are realistic expectations for an implementation plan?

56. Strategy Development Discussion
How do you create a document that state or district level personnel can use?
What are realistic expectations for an implementation plan?
How do you prioritize problems- particularly when pressured to include every possible behavior?

57. Strategy Development Discussion
How do you create a document that state or district level personnel can use?
What are realistic expectations for an implementation plan?
How do you prioritize problems- particularly when pressured to include every possible behavior?
How can a targeted, specific strategy remain relevant for 5 years?

58. Strategy Development Discussion
How do you create a document that state or district level personnel can use?
What are realistic expectations for an implementation plan?
How do you prioritize problems- particularly when pressured to include every possible behavior?
How can a targeted, specific strategy remain relevant for 5 years?

59. Thank you!