1. Chapter 11 Section 4 Peace after WWI
Woodrow Wilson’s idea outlined in 14 points speech
1. No more secret treaties
2. Freedom of the seas for everyone
3. Lower or get rid of tariffs to encourage free trade
4. Reduce the size of militaries to ease fears
5. No more colonizing unless native people agree to it
6 – 13. Establish boundaries for new countries
based on the ethnicity of people
14. Form a League of Nations
association where all countries could
settle disagreements and avoid war
Modern Day Version = United Nations
Wilson really wanted this
Why didn’t the other Allies like it?
Germany wasn’t punished (wanted revenge)
No blame assigned to them, no $ damages

2. The Treaty of Versailles
Peace talks held in France (unusual)
No Central Powers were present at the talks (unusual)
The “Big 4” developed all of the details
Georges Clemenceau = Leader of France
David Lloyd George = British Prime Minister
Vittorio Orlando = Italian Prime Minister
Woodrow Wilson = President of U.S.

3. Details of the Treaty 9 new countries created 5 colonies created
given to France and England
All in Middle East (use map on pg. 400 of text)
The Central Powers (and Russia) all lost land
Became a Major Source of Resentment
Especially for Germany and Russia
Germany was hit especially hard
Forced to take the blame for the war
Lost all colonies elsewhere in the world
Not allowed to maintain an army
Supposed to pay reparations of $33 billion
England and France wanted even more $$$
See cartoon above

4. U.S. Reaction to the Treaty
Some thought it punished Germany too hard
and would lead to future problems (they were right)
Some didn’t like the idea of the League of Nations
Henry Cabot Lodge = powerful U.S. Senator
believed the U.S. would be entering into a
peacetime alliance like European countries
and Russia did before WWI
Wilson insisted on the U.S. joining the League
Congress refused to authorize this
Bottom line:
U.S. Never joined the League
U.S. Never signed the Treaty of Versailles
Had separate peace treaties
with each of the Central Powers

5. Consequences of WWI For U.S.A. For Europe and Russia For Germany
recognized as The Global Superpower
Difference maker in the war
More integration in the workforce
Women, African-Americans
Return to “normalcy” after war
What life was like in U.S. before war
For Europe and Russia
Much destruction and death
Needed to rebuild
Most countries turned to very
strong leadership to accomplish this
For Germany
Didn’t like taking the blame.
Didn’t have $$$ to pay reparations
Would be problems later
Not
Just
any
WWI
German
soldier