1. C Stuff
CS 2308

2. Major differences between C and C++
Header files
When including libraries, include the “.h”
#include <string.h>
No Constants
Typically use #define to identify constants
Different I/O libraries
Use <stdio.h>
printf and scanf instead of cout and cin
Strings
No strings in C

3. C strings There is no “string” data type in C Use arrays of characters
Always null terminated “\0”
Need one more space than the number of characters you need to store.
char name[26]; /*to hold 25 chars and null */
No direct comparison for equality or direct assignment
NO str1 = str2
NO str1 == str2 OR str1 < str2

4. String functions in C Found in <string.h> Examples
Page in text
Examples
strcpy
strcmp
strlen
strcat
atoi
atof
itoa

5. Other differences between C and C++
No namespaces
Not a real issue for the types of programs we are creating, but important for larger projects.
No “pass by reference”
Very important. Let’s see how we can make functions work without it.
No bool data type
Because of the frequency of boolean expressions we typically find a way to use a simulated type.
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1

6. More differences between C and C++
No const qualifier
All variables must be declared in functions before the first executable statement
No function overloading
Serious drawback for object-oriented programming

7. Command Line Arguments
As you have seen in Linux, there are often command line arguments to programs. How do we use them in programs?
“argc” is the number of arguments
“argv” is an array of strings
int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { }