1. Multiple Intelligences
By Howard
Gardner

2. It’s not how smart we are, it’s how we are smart.

3. Intelligence
“The ability to solve problems or fashion products that are valued in one or more cultures.”

5. In summary. . .
Gardner’s definition of intelligence is “the ability to solve problems.”
Just because you cannot solve a problem in the same way your neighbor does, does not mean that the way you solved the problem is more valuable or smarter than the way your neighbor solved the same problem.

6. The Eight Main Multiple Intelligences
Visual/Spatial
Logical Mathematical
Bodily Kinesthetic
Naturalist
Verbal/Linguistic
Music/Rhythmic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal

7. Simple Meaning Verbal/Linguistic Logical/Mathematical Musical/Rhythmic
Naturalist
Visual/Spatial
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Bodily/Kinesthetic
Word smart
Logic smart
Music smart
Classifying smart
Art smart
Self Smart
People smart
Body smart

8. Another item is added recently
Existential

9. After more studies Gardner added one more intelligence, and he continue studying and planning to add one more, which is Existential intelligence.

10. Visual/Spatial Thinks in 3-D Pictures in Mind Great Imagination
Hand-eye relationship
Design/color

11. Visual/Spatial Occupations Sailors Sculptors/painters Engineers Pilots
Designers
Architects
Surgeons

12. Logical/Mathematical
Reasons
Analyzes
Uses Logic
Uses Numbers
Problem Solving
Sees Patterns

13. Logical Mathematical Occupations Mathematician Scientist
Accountant/Banker
Inventor
Detective
Engineer
Programmer

14. Bodily/Kinesthetic Activity/motion Hands-on Experimental Manipulate
Participate
Body Language

15. Bodily Kinesthetic Occupations Athlete Dancer/Performer
Physical Therapist
Coach

16. Naturalist Nature Classification Flora/Fauna Patterns Environment
Sorting
Memory

17. Naturalist Occupations Biologist Zoologist Artists Environmentalist
Landscaper
Game warden

18. Verbal/Linguistic Reading/Writing Debate/Speech Word Puzzles
Spelling/Vocab
Languages
Listening

19. Verbal/Linguistics Occupations Writer Speaker Teachers Actor Attorneys
Politicians

20. Musical/Rhythmic Singing Playing instruments Rhythms/beats Composing
Sound
Pitch

21. Musical/Rhythmic Occupations Composers Conductors Singers DJ Producer
Musicians

22. Intrapersonal Self-Reflection Journaling Emotional processing
Concentration
Focusing

23. Intrapersonal Occupations Psychologists Researcher Elite Athlete
Author
Philosopher
Explorer

24. Interpersonal Cooperative Groups Collaboration Sensing/intuiting
Uses Feedback
Empathy

25. Interpersonal Occupations Teacher Salesperson Social Worker Counselor
Doctor/Nurse
Psychiatrists

26. Linguistic
If you have strong linguistic intelligence you might learn better by
Reading
Memorizing
Playing word games
Making up rhymes, puns
Using the internet

27. Logical/Mathematical Learner
If you have strong logical-mathematical intelligence you might learn better by
Recording information systematically
Setting up experiments (“What if…?”)
Playing strategy games (Chess, Checkers)
Analyzing data
Asking logical questions
Using the internet

28. Spatial Learner
If you have strong spatial intelligence you might learn better by
Studying pictures
Watching videos
Using visual, tangible aids
Doing mazes, puzzles
Making predictions
Using the internet

29. Bodily/Kinesthetic Learner
If you have strong bodily-kinesthetic intelligence you might learn better by
Doing role plays
Constructing physical examples
Exercising while reviewing
Visiting museums, institutions, parks
Asking logical questions
Using the internet

30. Musical Learner
If you have strong musical intelligence you might learn better by
Listening to recordings
Talking to yourself
Making up songs
Mentally repeating information
Reading aloud
Changing tempo

31. Interpersonal Learner
If you have strong interpersonal intelligence you might learn better by
Studying in groups
Comparing information with others
Interviewing experts
Relating personal experiences
Being a teamplayer
Doing cooperative projects

32. Intrapersonal Learner
If you have strong intrapersonal intelligence you might learn better by
Avoiding distractions
Establishing personal goals
Playing solitary games
Setting own pace
Working alone
Relating personal experiences

33. Naturalistic Learner
If you have strong naturalistic intelligence you might learn better by
Studying outside
Learning in the presence of plants & pets
Relating environmental issues to topics
Smelling, seeing touching, tasting,
Observing natural phenomenon

34. Review Verbal/Linguistic Logical/Mathematical Musical/Rhythmic
Naturalist
Visual/Spatial
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Bodily/Kinesthetic
Word smart
Logic smart
Music smart
Classifying smart
Art smart
Self Smart
People smart
Body smart

35. Multiple Intelligences
Everyone has all eight of them.
There are many ways to be smart in any one intelligence.
They are not isolated.
With practice, most people can become reasonably competent in all intelligences.