1. Evolution
Exams returned W 2/13
Bonus #1 due F 2/15

2. Information flow in cells
CB 5.25
Information flow in cells
Protein

3. Genotype
Phenotype
Genes code for proteins (or RNA). These gene products give rise to traits…
It is rarely this simple.

4. DNA is replicated semi-conservatively

5. When DNA is replicated, mutations occur.

6. CB 13.5
DNA must be replicated before it can be passed on. How it is passed on and how it gets modified impacts evolution.

7. Genes code for proteins via RNA
CB 17.4
Genes code for proteins via RNA

8. Mutations: Sickle-cell anemia
CB 17.23
Mutations: Sickle-cell anemia

9. CB 5.21
Differences in amino acid sequence lead to differences in 3-D shape and different functionalities

10. Correlation of malaria and sickle-cell anemia
CB 23.10

11. How do individuals and groups with different genes arise?
Evolution…
Does it occur?
How does it
occur?

12. Does evolution occur?

13. As DNA changes;
traits change.
Protein

14. Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce.

15. Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce. These changes are based on how the DNA changes and who reproduces.

16. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O

17. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic X X X O O O X X X O O O O X X X X O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant.

18. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic
Continues to replicate O X X X O O O X X X O O O O X X X X O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant.

19. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic
Continues to replicate O X X X O O O X X X O O O O O O O X X X X O O O O O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant. O O O O
Population of resistant bacteria

20. A population that can produce fertile offspring
Who evolves?…Species.
A. leucurus
A. harrisi
A population that can produce fertile offspring
A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
CB 24.6

21. X
Horse
Donkey =
Mule

22. X
Horse
Donkey
So…horses and donkeys are not the same species. =
Mule
(sterile)

23. A population that can produce fertile offspring
Who evolves?…Species.
A. leucurus
A. harrisi
A population that can produce fertile offspring
A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
CB 24.6

24. Natural Selection:
Individuals that are most successful at reproducing will pass on more of their genetic information.

25. Reproductive success = Evolutionary success

26. Reproductive success = Evolutionary success

27. Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce. These changes are based on how the DNA changes and who reproduces.