1. What is development?

2. Development: An increase in overall income (GDP, GNI)
Distribution of freedom within society
Improvements in overall well-being
Lasting, long-term socioeconomic change
Sustainable environmental change
Complex, complicated adaptive system
Global interactions & partnerships
Development:

3. Single Indicators: TFR - CBR - CDR - Doctors/capita - MR - Internet - Connectivity
We can measure development through single index indicators which take into account particular components or aspects of development…

4. Composite Indexes: Human Development Index Social Progress Index Gender Inequality Index
HOWEVER, a better measure of development usually takes multiple indicators into account, recognizing that ‘development’ is a complex phenomenon. These indicators are called composite indexes and measure development over time.

5. HDI First established by economist Mahbub ul Haq
Expanded by famous Amartya Sen

6. Human Development Index Which 3 indicators would you choose to develop a composite about development?
Like the Gender Inequality Index, the HDI is a composite measure of development. It is measured through
Life Expectancy
Education Index
(mean years of schooling + expected years of schooling = index)
Per Capita Income
(GDP per capita)

8. HDI ranks countries into four tiers (levels) of development
Are people in countries able to ‘be’ and ‘do’ what they wish?
Very high human development
Norway, Australia, Ireland, Singapore, Germany
High human development
Brazil, Mexico, Romania, Panama, Malaysia
Medium human development
Botswana, Vietnam, Uzbekistan, Philippines
Low human development
Pakistan, Nigeria, Yemen, Tanzania, Rwanda