1. THE REVOLUTION IN ACTION
1. Colonists declare their independence….Why?
Common Sense---Thomas Paine—Winter of 1776
Writing of the Declaration of Independence
2nd Continental Congress---July of 1776
Thomas Jefferson----Father of DOI
George Washington
Response to DOI
Patriots
Loyalists
Neutral
2. British vs. Americans
3. Key American victories……
Trenton---Dec. 1776
THE REVOLUTION IN ACTION
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2. 4. Treaty of Paris---Sept. 3, 1783
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Saratoga---Oct. 1777
Yorktown
4. Treaty of Paris---Sept. 3, 1783

3. BATTLE OF SARATOGA The British The Americans
Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war  you don’t have to win a battle, just wear the British down]
1777, separate and control New England.
Break the colonies in half by getting between the North and South.

4. BATTLE OF SARATOGA
General Horatio Gates surrounds the British with the help of Benedict Arnold
British defeat stopped them from cutting off New England from the rest of the country and ending the war.
British lacked knowledge of geography and failed at communications.
Oct. 1777, British General, John Burgoyne was surrounded by US General Horatio Gates and forced to surrender 6,000 British troops.
Led to a military alliance with France providing soldiers, naval fleet and $$$$$. (Franco-American alliance, 1778)

6. BATTLE OF SARATOGA

7. SURRENDER AT SARATOGA
Surrender/saratoga

8. Britain’s “Southern Strategy”
Britain thought that there were more Loyalists in the South.
Southern resources were more valuable/worth preserving.
The British win a number of small victories, but cannot pacify the countryside [similar to U. S. failures in Vietnam!]

9. Phase III: The Southern Strategy [1780-1781]

10. Map-yorktown
Battle of Yorktown
British General Charles Cornwallis wanted to winter his troops in the South believing the war would be won in the Spring…..
Yorktown was chosen because it provided easy access to be reinforced and re-supplied
General Washington learned of the British decision to winter their main troops in Yorktown.

11. 15,000 American and French troops surrounded 8,000 British troops……
Battle of Yorktown
Strategy included the use of the French navy, French troops and American troops.
French navy under the direction of Admiral de Grasse, placed a blockade around the Chesapeake Bay.
15,000 American and French troops surrounded 8,000 British troops……
General Cornwallis is trapped and is forced to his surrender his troops to Washington
Brings war to an end

12. The Battle of Yorktown (1781)
Count de Rochambeau
Admiral De Grasse

14. Cornwallis’ Surrender at YorktowN
“The World Turned Upside Down!”
Painted by John Trumbull, 1797

15. Why did the British Lose???
Controlled cities but not countryside
Generals made key mistakes
Communication
No respect
US had the will to fight
Alliances with Spain, France and the Netherlands.

16. United States after the Revolutionary War
Treaty of Paris, 1783
Great Britain recognized the independence of the United States
US acquired land from the Great Lakes to Florida and Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River.
British were to remove troops and forts from US Land.
US was to pay Loyalists for property.
USA
United States after the Revolutionary War
British Forts

17. Treaty of Paris

18. Treaty of Paris
USA

19. Treaty of Paris

20. Blacks in war

21. Blacks in war
                            

22. N.Americans

23. Valley Forge

24. Valley Forge