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Enriching Vocabulary A.F.M.AMIR HUSSAIN BPATC
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The investigation of word is the beginning of education.
-Antisthenes the Sophist Polonius: What do you read, my lord? Hamlet: Words, words, words - Shakespeare
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Vocabulary All the words that we know and use are known as our vocabulary. Vocabulary is of two types: Active Vocabulary Passive Vocabulary The active vocabulary consists of the words we use everyday for our daily needs. The passive vocabulary consists of the words we know in order to understand what we read and hear.
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Words are the building blocks of language.
Words are indeed the bricks of which the edifice of language is made. There are utility, beauty and power in them. The human personality, expressing itself in thoughts and sentiments is embedded in the word. It is thus an instrument of civilization.
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What do you need to learn?
1. How many words are there in English? a. 10,000 b. 1,00,000 c. 2,50,000 d. 5,00,000 2. Winston Churchill was famous for his particularly large vocabulary. How many words did he use in his writing? a. 10,000 b. 60,000 c. 1,00,000 d. 1,20,000 3. How many words does the average native English speaker use in his or her everyday speech? a. 2,500 b. 5,000 c. 7,500 d. 10,000 4. How many words make up 45% of everything written in English? a b c. 1,000 d. 2,500
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What does knowing a new word mean?
It is not enough just to know the meaning of a word.You also need to know: a) What words it is usually associated with. b) Whether it has any particular grammatical characteristics. c) How it is pronounced. Try to learn new words not in isolation but in phrases.
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What does knowing a new word mean?(Cont.)
Write down adjectives together with nouns they are often associated with and vice versa, e.g. royal family, rich vocabulary. Write down verbs with the structures and nouns associated with them, e.g., to add to our knowledge of the subject, to express an opinion.
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What does knowing a new word mean?
Write down nouns in phrases, e.g. in contact with; a train set; sheds of opinion. Write down words with their prepositions, e.g. at a high level; thanks to your help. Note any grammatical characteristics of the words you are studying. For example, note when a verb is singular and when a noun is uncountable or is only used in the plural.
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Techniques of Enriching Vocabulary
1. The use of a good dictionary 2. The Reading of Newspaper, Journals 3. Listening to BBC, CNN & other channels 4. Watching English Movies 5. The knowledge of Mnemonics 6. The Knowledge of Derivatives 7. Contextual Meaning
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Techniques of Enriching Vocabulary(Cont.)
8. The Use of Appropriate Diction 9. Knowledge of Neologism in English 10.The Knowledge of different English 11. Blended Words, Initialism, Acronyms, Abbreviations 12. Knowledge of Synonyms and Antonyms 13. Etymological Sense
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The Use of Mnemonics Every name is called a noun,
As field and fountain, street and town; In place of noun the pronoun stands, As he and she can clap their hands; The adjective describes a thing, As magic wand or bridal ring; The verb means action something done, To read and write to jump and run;
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Mnemonics (Cont.) How things are done adverbs tell
As quickly, slowly, badly, well The Preposition shows relation As in the street or at the station Conjunctions join in many ways, Sentences, words or phrase and phrase The interjection cries out, hark! I need an exclamation mark. -Children’s Rhyme
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Blending Brunch- Breakfast+ Lunch Camcorder- Camera+ Recorder
Chocaholic- Choclate+Alcoholic Eurocrat- European Bureaucrat Eurovision- European Television Motel- Motor+Hotel Oxbridge- Oxford +Cambridge
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Blending (Cont.) Smog- Smoke +Fog Telecast- Television Broadcast
Tunch- Tea+Lunch Blot- Black +Spot Bit- Binary+Digit Slender- Slight +Tender
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The Knowledge of Derivatives
Suffixes that indicate a Noun age- mileage, usage, wastage al- arrival, committal, removal ant- combatant, contestant ation- admiration er- writer, worker, shopper, teacher ery- greenery, knavery, slavery
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Cont. Ese- Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese
Ess- enchantress, hostess, watress Ette- kitchenett, laundrette, usherette Ful- bellyful, joyful,spoonful Hood- childhood, fatherhood, spinsterhood Ian- Arcadian, Canadian Ion- Action, expression, suggestion
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Cont. Ing- carpeting, flooring, morning
Ism-idealism,localism,nationalism Ist- communist, Maoist, socialist, unionist Ite- Luddite-socialite, stalinite, Thatcherite, Ity- adversity, hostility, perversity, stupidity Let- booklet, flatlet, piglet Ling- duckling, gosling, underling
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Cont. Ment- employment, enjoyment, excitement
Ness- cleanliness, goodness, happiness Crat- bureaucrat, democrat, meritocrat Or- objector, prospector, survivor Ship- friendship, ownership, stewardship Ster- gangster, trickster, youngster Ty- beauty, cruelty, poverty
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Common Adjectival Word endings
Ish- reddish, greenish, youngish Ful-useful, bashful, plentiful Ing- boring, middling, shocking Less- fearless, hatless, sunless Like- warlike, glass-like Ly- saintly, godly, kingly Y-sunny, rainy, stony, dirty
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Cont. Ous- plenteous, courteous, chivalrous
Ic- volcanic, heroic, microscopic En- flaxen, molten, brazen,waxen Able/ible- charitable, hospitable, breakable Al- industrial, herbal, provincial Ar- angular, molecular, solar,lunar Worthy-newsworthy, airworthy Proof-rainproof, bombproof, waterproof
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Verb suffixes A/ab- abdicate, abhor, abide, abolish
Ac- accelerate, accept, accede, account Ad/af/ap-adhere, admire, affirm, appeal Co-coexist, cohabit, cooperate Con-concede, concur, confess Com- commit, complain,compose De- decline, decorate, decry
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Cont. Dis- disable, discover, dismiss, disqualify
En- enfold, enchant, encase, envelop Over- overcome, overflow,override In- infringe, invade,intrude, introduce Inter-intercede, interfere, interrupt Out- outdo, outfight, outplay With- withdraw, withhold, withstand Sub- subject, subjoin, submit Un- unbend, undo, unzip, unloose
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Common verb Suffixes Ate- fascinate, incapacitate, orchestrate
Er- batter, clatter, glitter, sever Ify- deify, glorify, simplify, beautify Ise- advertise, oxidise, realise Ish- establish, famish, finish, nourish Mit- admit, demit, submit
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New Words Girlpower Adultscent Dimania Faxable Eco-friendly
Teleworking Fatwa
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Neologism in English Acharya Agarbatti Ahimsa Allah Aman Ameer/Amir
Amrita
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Neologism (Cont.) Asana As(h)ram Atma Atta Aus Avatar Ayah Ayueveda
Baboo
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Neologism (Cont.) Backsheesh/ backshish/ baksheesh, buckshish/ backshish Badmash/budmash/ budmush Bael Bahadur Bandor Bandh
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Neologism (Cont.) Bandobast, bandobust Batta Beegah Begum Benami Bhang
Bidi
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Neologism (Cont.) Chamcha Chamar Chapaticharka Chatta Sircar/sirkar
Sirdar Sufi
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Neologism (Cont.) Tantra Tasar Tat Thana Ticca Tola Tulwar
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Neologism (Cont.) Chutney Cutcha Cutcher®y Dak Dak-bugalow Dakoit
Dakoiti
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Neologism (Cont.) Goonda Gooroo Haj Hat Hookum Isabgul Izzat
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Dalal Dekko Dervish Dewani Dhal Dharma Dobhash
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Neologism (Cont.) Jheel Karkhana Kaji, Kazi Kanungo Inam Darshan Kurta
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Eblish Eka Ekka Fatwa Ganja Ghee Gherao
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Lota Malik Namaskar Nazzar Paramatma Pucca Romal
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Neologism (Cont.) Rooty Sadhu Sahib Sakti Shaitan Shamiana Shola
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Neologism (Cont.) Svarga Swami Tabla Tahsil/Tehsil Taj Taka taluk
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Neologism (Cont.) Soojee Sraddha Sultan Sultana Sundari Sunni Sura
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Neologism (Cont.) Yug(a) Zamindar/Zemindar/Zemindari Zillah Zoolum
Chittack Chitty Chokidar
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Cont. LOL TIA TTFN KISS ADKSO
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Derivatives self-cleaning cleanlily overcleaning cleaning clenliness
cleanly overclean cleanness uncleanliness Clean Clean uncleanable unclean cleanable cleanish uncleanness cleaner uncleanly cleanser reclean cleanse cleansing recleaning
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Vocabulary All the words that we know and use are known as our vocabulary. Vocabulary is of two types: Active Vocabulary Passive Vocabulary The active vocabulary consists of the words we use everyday for our daily needs. The passive vocabulary consists of the words we know in order to understand what we read and hear.
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Bigha Bismillah Brahman Bundook Bustee Cabobs calpa
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The investigation of word is the beginning of education.
-Antisthenes the Sophist Polonius: What do you read, my lord? Hamlet: Words, words, words - Shakespeare
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Words are the building blocks of language.
Words are indeed the bricks of which the edifice of language is made. There are utility, beauty and power in them. The human personality, expressing itself in thoughts and sentiments is embedded in the word. It is thus an instrument of civilization.
68
The investigation of word is the beginning of education.
-Antisthenes the Sophist Polonius: What do you read, my lord? Hamlet: Words, words, words - Shakespeare
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