1. Population Characteristics
Population density – the number of organisms per unit area

2. Population Characteristics
Spatial distribution – is the pattern of spacing of a population within an area

3. Spatial Distribution
Uniform
Clumped
Random

4. Population Ranges
No population, not even the human population, occupies all habitats in the biosphere
Abiotic factors – temperature, humidity, rainfall or sunlight
Biotic factors – predators competitors, parasites

5. Population-Limiting Factors
Density-independent factors – any factor in the environment that does not depend on the number of members in a population per unit area
Drought or flooding, extreme heat or cold, tornadoes and hurricanes.

6. Density-dependent Factor
Any factor in the environment that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area.
Predation, disease, parasites, competition.

7. Population Growth Rate
How fast a given population grows.
Terms
Natality – birthrate, the number of individuals born in a given time period
Emigration – number of individuals moving away from a population
Immigration – number of individuals moving into a population

8. Exponential Growth Model
Carrying capacity
S-curve
Lag phase

9. Carrying capacity
The maximum number of individuals in a species that an environment can support for the long-term
Limited by energy, water, oxygen, nutrients
Use this term to describe when a population is stable

10. R-strategists Small organisms – fruit fly, mouse, locust
Short life span
Produce many
Little or no energy to rear young

11. K-strategists Large organisms – elephants Long life span Produce few
Time invested in care for the young

12. Human Population
Human population growth changes over time

13. Terms
Demography – the study of human population size, density, distribution, movement, and birth and death rates

14. Human Population on Earth

15. Trends in Human Population Growth
Demographic transition – a change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates
Zero population growth – when the birth rate equals the death rate
Age structure – the number of males and females in each of three age groups of a population, pre- reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive

16. Orca

17. I Purpose:
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

18. II Materials: paper, pen

19. III Procedures/IV Data & Observations

20. III Procedures/IV Data & Observations
List Producers and Consumers
Identify with H = herbivore, C = carnivore, O = omnivore, S = scavenger
Create a trophic level pyramid

21. Trophic Level Pyramid

22. Create three food chains

23. Create three food chains
phytoplankton krill orca

24. Create a Food Web
Create on your own!

25. V Calculations and Results
Draw a graph
22 boxes across X 20 boxes up

26. VI Questions Answer questions 1 – 8 Answer thoughtfully! Homeostasis
|ˌhōmēəˈstāsis|noun ( pl. -ses |-sēz|) the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, esp. as maintained by physiological processes

27. VII Discussion
Briefly discuss how this could affect 2 other organisms

28. Conclusion
Answer your purpose

29. Conclusion Answer your purpose
Go back to the first question and answer

30. Animal Rights Hearing Next week’s Lab
Need to look up your group’s point of view!
Find and bring in an article on your group